History of cognitive neuroscience Flashcards
define cognition
interpretation or transformation of recently acquired or stored information
what is phrenology
Activation of brain areas makes them expand - results in changes of skull shapes
what is aggregate field theory
behavioural abilities are mediated by interactions of the brain
what did Marie Pierre Flourens find to support aggregate field theory
Lesioned various parts of pigeon brains
Lack of evidence for specific behavioural deficits due to lesions
what did John Jackson find that supports localisation
Seizures often resulted in ordered jerks of muscles - organisation of muscle representation in the cortex
what did Broca and Wernicke find to support localisation
Associated specific language production and comprehension deficits with specific brain regions
what did Broadman find to support localisation
Novel cell staining techniques
Divided human cortex into different cytoarchitectonic areas
what is the neuron doctrine
Argued the nervous system is made up of discrete individual cells
what did behaviourism argue about cognition
Argued that learning and conditioning are the sole determinants of all behaviour
Only measurable facts are the subject of scientific enquiry
what did behaviourists think of introspection
non scientific - analysis of internal states
limitations of behaviourism
Unable to explain language
No provided insights into perception, emotion or memory
What did Miller and Chomsky begin to do
reflect upon underlying brain mechanisms between cognition such as memory and language
