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I hate this > History Midterm > Flashcards

History Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Dirty War

A

War launched by the Argentine Junta against those with suspected left-wing sympathies (1976-1983)

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2
Q

Desaparecidos

A

Disappeared people. Victims of Dirty War. There are approximately 30,000 of them

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3
Q

Junta

A

Small group of military leaders that seized power in Argentina in 1976; led General Leopoldo Galtieri

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4
Q

Margaret Thatcher

A

British Prime Minister from 1979-1990; conservative, anti-communist, pro-Reagan. Wanted to establish a reputation for not backing down. The win in the Falklands War earned support for her

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5
Q

Austerity Program

A

Higher taxes, anti-union, fight against inflation, tried to privatize organizations, downsizing military; Margaret Thatcher’s program

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6
Q

South Georgia and Sandwich Islands

A

1979: Argentinian scrap metal dealer contracted to remove an old whaling station on South Georgia Island
1981: scrap metal dealer goes to assess the whaling station without permission from the British authorities
-the british protest: scrap metal dealers land with a group of naval personnel; shots fired and the Argentinians raise their flag
-April 2, 1982: british invade and take Georgia and sandwich islands back

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7
Q

Exocet

A

Missile that is useful for attacking ships. Drops to 4ft above water then go straight. Used by the Argentinians, purchased from the French. Carried on mirage jets

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8
Q

Alexander Haig

A

US Secretary of State. Attempt to find a diplomatic solution by counseling with both Argentina and the UK. Called the war a “case study of miscalculation”

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9
Q

Operation Rosario

A

Argentinian invasion of the Falklands/Malvinas. Occurred on April 2, 1982. Occurred at night, 800 Argentinians on the island by the end of the invasion

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10
Q

Rio Pact

A

1947 treaty signed by the US and most Latin American countries, stating that the region would work together on economic and defense matters. An attack on one member is an attack on all

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11
Q

OAS

A

Organization of American States. Created by the Rio Pact

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12
Q

General Belgrano

A

Argentinian ship sunk by a british nuclear submarine

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13
Q

Stanley

A

Capital of Falkland Islands

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14
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

Leader of the Viet Minh. More political rather than military, advocated for communism but more nationalism

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15
Q

Viet Minh

A

League for the Independence of Vietnam. Formed in china in 1941 by Ho Chi Minh. Vietnamese people side with Indochina war

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16
Q

Cochinchina

A

South Vietnam

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17
Q

Popular Forces/Dan Quong

A

Locals, part-time, maintain transportation routes, provide intelligence on enemies and neighbors, porters, harass the French, guerilla warfare

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18
Q

Regional Forces

A

Battalion size groups, guerilla hit and run tactics, full-time professional soldiers, support regular forces

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19
Q

Regular Force

A

Able to conduct large scale operations, expanded after 1949, full-time professional soldiers

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20
Q

Interzone system

A

Used by Viet Minh. Administrative zones that handled political and military matters, geographically

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21
Q

Vo Nguyễn Giap

A

Military leader of the Viet Minh. Well educated. Exploited strengths of the Viet Minh and recognized their initial inability to beat France in a decisive battle

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22
Q

Conscription

A

Compulsory enlistment for state service, typically into armed forces

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23
Q

French Foreign Legion

A

Considered elite, included non-french members, professional soldiers, basically mercenaries

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24
Q

Vietnamese National Army

A

Vietnamese men conscripted from French-held territory in Vietnam. Did not necessarily want to be on this side

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25
Q

French Far East Expeditionary Corps

A

Part of french manpower. Less than half were actually from France, many were from North Africa

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26
Q

Paratroopers

A

Soldiers trained to parachute from airplanes onto combat areas. Used by the french in the Indochina war

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27
Q

Napalm

A

Gelatinous, falammable, sticky, gunk. Used by the french. Very harmful to environment

28
Q

Artillery

A

Large-caliber guns used in warfare on land

29
Q

3 Phases of Viet Minh Military strategy

A

1) defensive 2) equilibrium 3) counter-offensive

30
Q

Operation Lea

A

October 1947: french paratroopers drop in on Viet Minh headquarters in Viet Bac, but resupply themselves by road, which Viet Minh attack. Avoid pitched battle desired by french

31
Q

SBattle of Route Colonial 4

A

September/October 1950: Viet Minh outpost at Dong Khe. French were harassed by small groups of Viet Minh and ran through the jungle and were slaughtered

32
Q

De Lattre Line

A

Efforts to restrict the movement of the Viet Minh. Increase in defenses and outposts

33
Q

Na San

A

November 1952: Viet Minh’s second pitched battle attempt. Giap attacks and is repulsed at at larger french airbase. Viet Minh learnt that they will need to prepare the battle field, etc. french learn to avoid the road system and rely on AirPower

34
Q

Dien Bien Phu

A

March-may 1954: decisive Viet Minh victory, last major battle of indochina war. French resistance surrenders may 7

35
Q

Nazi

A

Nationalist socialist german workers’ party

36
Q

Weimar Republic

A
37
Q

“stab in the back” theory

A
38
Q

Article 48

A

Claims that the president could overrule everything if state of emergency; the president could decide what a state of emergency is

39
Q

Beer Hall Putsch

A

Failed coup by Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler and others on November 8-9 1923

40
Q

Mein Kampf

A
41
Q

Volksgemeinschaft

A

“Community of the people”: idea of a racially unified and hierarchal organized body in which the interest of individuals would be subordinate to those of the nation

42
Q

Gleichschaltung

A

“Putting everyone in the same gear”; coordination

43
Q

Palingenesis

A

The rebirth of a nation, purged on non-Germanic people and influences

44
Q

Enabling Act

A

Would make hitler leader for life, needed 2/3 of the reichstag to vote, used intimidation, many Nazi political opponents barred entry from reichstag, hitler ultimately becomes chancellor for life

45
Q

DAF

A

German Labor Front; claimed to represent the workers’ best interest and create the sense of community and co-operation desired

46
Q

Hindenburg

A
47
Q

SA

A

Sturmabteilung/brown shirts

48
Q

SS

A
49
Q

Night of the Long Knives

A

Hitler, with the help of the SS, takes out political opponents by killing those apart of the SA

50
Q

KPD

A

Communist party of germany; heavily targeted by nazis,

51
Q

SPD

A

Socialist party of germany; only group to vote against the enabling act; never provided effective opposition

52
Q

The White Rose

A

3 students who printed pamphlets and mail them all over the place regarding the truth of the regime

53
Q

Joseph Goebbels

A

Reichsminister of popular enlightment and propaganda

54
Q

Triumph of the Will

A
55
Q

Lebensraum

A

Living space

56
Q

Anschluss

A

Joining of austrias to germany

57
Q

Sudantenland

A
58
Q

Goering

A
59
Q

Strength through Joy

A

Kraft DUtch Freude;

60
Q

Hitler Youth

A
61
Q

Nuremberg Laws

A

1935; two race-based laws depriving Jews of rights; (1) Reich Citizenship Law took away citizenship of all Jews (2) Protection of German blood and honor law

62
Q

Night of the Broken Glass

A

Reichskristallnacht; 9 November 1938; Nazi organized pogroms against Jews

63
Q

Wannsee Conference

A

Jan 1942; Specific plans by Nazi leadership to carry out the mass extermination of the Jews

64
Q

Shoah

A

Hebrew work for the Holocaust

65
Q

Einsatzgruppen

A

groups of Nazis whose primary job was to rebound up and kill Jews

66
Q

Aushwitz

A
67
Q

Karl von Donita

A

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