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Everything > History - Medicine > Flashcards

History - Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Who developed the The Theory of the Four Humours?

A

Hippocrates

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2
Q

What did the Greeks consider to be a healthy body?

A

A balanced body

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3
Q

How did Hippocrates suggest that Greek doctors cure their patients?

A

Clinical observation

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4
Q

What were believed to be the 4 liquids inside the body?

A

Blood, phlegm, yellow and black bile

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5
Q

If someone had a fever how would the ancient doctors treat them?

A

Bleed them

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6
Q

Who was Galen?

A

Anatomist

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7
Q

What did Galen call his theory?

A

The Theory of Opposites

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8
Q

What did Galen prove about the body?

A

It was controlled by the brain and not the heart

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9
Q

Who did Galen develop his early medical skills on?

A

Gladiators

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10
Q

How did fresh water arrive in Roman cities?

A

Aqueducts

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11
Q

What did the Roman sewers rely on to work effectively?

A

Rain water

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12
Q

How many people could visit a Roman bath in a week?

A

5000

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13
Q

Why were Roman latrines a good idea?

A

Cleaner streets

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14
Q

Who was Asclepius?

A

God of Healing

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15
Q

Name two things that people thought caused disease in the Middle Ages?

A
  • Supernatural

- Misalignment of the planets

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16
Q

How long were Galen’s ideas believed?

A

1500 years

17
Q

Describe public health in the Middle Ages

A
  • Bad living conditions

- Butchers killing animals in the street

18
Q

Name 3 healers from the Middle Ages

A
  • Wise woman
  • Apothecary
  • Barber-surgeon
19
Q

Who controlled education in the Middle Ages?

A

The Church

20
Q

When did the Black Death hit England?

A

1348

21
Q

Name 3 symptoms of the Black Death

A
  • High Fever
  • Diarrhoea
  • Buboes around the groin and armpits
22
Q

Who were the flagellents?

A

People who would beat themselves for their sins in order to avoid illness

23
Q

What was an apothecary?

A

Someone who have mixed medicine

24
Q

Where were the poor treated in this period?

A

Home

25
Q

By looking at their urine, how did doctors diagnose patients?

A

Astrology - Positions of the planets and moon

26
Q

What was a popular way to treat illnesses or wounds in 1350?

A

Herbal remedies

27
Q

What was the Pneumonic plague?

A

Caused the victim to cough up blood and struggle to breathe

28
Q

Why were Jews massacred in this period?

A

They were believed to be poisoning the wells

29
Q

How were people treated at home in the Middle Ages?

A

By a female family member using herbal remedies

30
Q

Explain why the plague spread around so quickly in homes?

A

Treatments were going on which caused the spread of disease

31
Q

Who were Quacks?

A

Healer with no training, who could make a lot of money selling charms or remedies

32
Q

Who were hospitals run by in 1350?

A

Monks and/or nuns who believed God might have sent the illness in the first place. Medical care focused on praying for patients souls

33
Q

Why did hospitals not admit infectious or incurable patients?

A

No medical professionals

34
Q

Who paid for hospitals to be opened in between 1350 and 1750?

A

Local people, charities, and town councils

35
Q

Who were hospitals run by in 1750?

A

Trained physicians and nurses without medical training, but they now admitted infectious patients

36
Q

Was the same treatment used in 1750?

A

Herbal remedies and minor surgery was common, but prayer was still heavily used

37
Q

What did Galen teach the church?

A

All body parts fitted together to make a well-designed whole, which fitted into what the Bible taught about man being made in God’s image

38
Q

What else did the Church control?

A

Libraries - it chose what to translate and copy, therefore choosing Galen’s books

39
Q

Why was it difficult for any further anatomical discoveries to be made in the Church?

A

They did not allow human dissection, meaning medical students had to go on what Galen taught as they were not able to discover anything different for themselves

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