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Ancient + Medieval History > History Final spring 2017 > Flashcards

History Final spring 2017 Flashcards

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1
Q

Jesus

A

He used parables to teach. He used miracles to show that He is God. Death/burial/resurrection. 40 days of ministry after the resurrection.

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2
Q

Pentecost

A

When the holy spirit is left when Jesus went up to Heaven. It allowed for the the Christians to speak in tongues all over the world so others could understand the message of Jesus Christ.

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3
Q

Paul

A

Used to kill Christians. He was then converted and became a disciple. Goes on missionary journeys and then is persecuted. Stoned/beaten/killed. He was a Roman citizen. Used Roman roads to easily get around.

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4
Q

Martyr

A

Someone who dies for their faith

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5
Q

Constantine

A

Battle of Milvian bridge: Dreams about the symbol that is called the Chyro and if he puts it on the shield they will win. He built a second capitol in Constantinople. Built Haggai Sophia. He gathered a bunch of Bishops and created a standard statement of Christianity called the Nicene Creed. Also created the Edict of Milan which legalized Christianity.

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6
Q

Edict of Milan

A

Made Christianity legal

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7
Q

Original Sin

A

Sin from Adam and Eve that is passed down from every generation.

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8
Q

St. Augustine

A

Bishop of Hippo. Wrote two books: Confessions and City of God. Created Just War: You had to go war for the right reason. You had to follow the rules.

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9
Q

Fall of Rome

A

The Emperor Theodosius dies and Rome spits in two. The west was larger. The east was smaller. West was difficult to defend. Had less production. More expenses. Hired barbarians to defend the West. East was smaller. Had more protection and production. More people. Rome fell in 476 A.D.

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10
Q

Byzantine Empire

A

The Eastern half of the Roman Empire. Same issues as the western half but dealt with it better. Threatened by barbarians but beat them.

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11
Q

Hippodrome

A

Horse racing stadium.

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12
Q

Justinian

A

Emperor of the Byzantine Empire. Justinian’s Code: body of Civil laws. Nika Revolt: blue and green teams threatened Justinian. Lures them into Hippodrome and kills them.

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13
Q

Muhammad

A

The creator of Islam. The first caliph and last prophet. Wrote the Quran

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14
Q

Five Pillars of Islam

A

Shahada - To publicly state your faith in Islam

Salat - Praying 5 times a day

Hajj - The Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca that they must make at least once in their life.

Sawm - Fasting during the time of Ramadan during the day and feasting at night

Zakat - giving money to the poor under Islamic law for charitable and religious purposes

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15
Q

Kaaba

A

A square stone building in the middle of the great mosque in Mecca. They must always face it when they pray from anywhere in the world.

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16
Q

Islamic Art and Architecture

A

It is disrespectful to draw portraits of Muhammad or Allah. The architecture is not specifically of a religion, or of a time, or of a place, or of a single medium like painting.

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17
Q

Sunni-shia split

A

The Sunni and Shia disagreed on who should be the next Caliph after Muhammads death. They split because of disagreements and fight to this day.

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18
Q

Caliph

A

Leader of the Islamic religion and has full religious and militaristic power.

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19
Q

Tithe

A

A religious donation

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20
Q

Charles Martel

A

The defender of Christianity, grandfather of Charlemagne, father to Pepin the short. Stopped the Muslim advance into Europe in the Battle of Tours.

21
Q

Charlemagne

A

Father of Europe, “Charles the Great”

22
Q

Carolingian Renaissance

A

Dynasty that ruled parts of Europe. Charles Martel, Pepin the short,

23
Q

Feudalism

A

System of reciprocal political relationships. It starts out with the (Peasants, Serfs) then (Merchants, Farmers, Craftsmen) then (Knights, Vassals) then (Nobles) and (Pope, Church, Monarch)

24
Q

Rule of St. Benedict

A

A religious rule book to give a standard on how to live as a monk on a daily basis.

25
Q

St. Patrick

A

St. Patrick was a slave in Ireland. Escaped slavery. becomes priest and bishop. 1st missionary to barbarians beyond roman world.

26
Q

Monasticism

A

a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work

27
Q

Divine Office

A

Work of God

28
Q

Chivalry

A

The Medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code.

29
Q

St. Francis

A

g

30
Q

Battle of Hastings

A

William the conquerer defeated the anglo saxons and killed king Henry II. Leaving the way open for the Norman conquest of England.

31
Q

Papal Schism

A

There were three Popes elected that led to people fighting over who should be the next pope. The Council of Constance forced the three Popes to resign which ended the Papal schism.

32
Q

Magna Carta

A

King John rose taxes to pay for wars he never won. He was cruel and rude. Nobles wrote a paper called the Magna Carta. It limits the Kings power and protects their writes

33
Q

Scholasticism

A

a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by the academics of medieval universities in Europe. based on Aristotelian logic and the writings of early church fathers.

34
Q

Romanesque Architecture

A

Wide, high windows

35
Q

Gothic Architecture

A

Large glass paintings, Narrow, gargoyles, pointing to God, tall, detailed.

36
Q

Crusades

A

g

37
Q

Becket

A

Archbishop of Canterbury. Assassinated by king Henry II when he apposed him.

38
Q

Bubonic Plague

A

A plague that almost wiped out the world.

39
Q

Magellan

A

g

40
Q

Columbus

A

Tried to find a faster rout to India but he accidentally landed in South America.

41
Q

Cortes

A

A Spanish conquistador who conquered the leader of the Aztecs Montezuma

42
Q

Cartography

A

The early type of style of drawing maps

43
Q

Humanism

A

It is the belief that you should have a system of thought with man at the center.

44
Q

Machiavelli

A

An atheist. Sees Christians as weak. He thinks the ends justify the means. Wrote the Prince dedicated to the Medici family.

45
Q

Renaissance characteristics

A

g

46
Q

Famous pieces of Renaissance art

A

Donatellos and Michelangelos David

Michelangelos:

David

Sistine chapel ceiling

Pieta

Raphael:

School of Athens

Leonardo Da Vinci:

Last Supper

Mona Lisa

Virtruvian Man

Renaissance Man

47
Q

Martin Luther

A

Converted the Bible from Latin to German. Made 95 theses. Accused of committing a crime against pope. Escapes and lives in castle for two years.

48
Q

Henry VIII

A

He had six wives

49
Q

Calvinism

A

g

Ancient + Medieval History (4 decks)

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