History & Examination of the Child & Adolescent Patient Flashcards
Name some common complaints presenting in a child patient (6)
- Shark teeth
- Eruption cyst/pain
- Gingival operculum
- Supernumeries/mesiodens
- Anterior open-bite due to digit/dummy sucking
- Dental caries
Give some features of reversible pulpits;
Duration?
Type of Pain?
Stimuli? (2)
Do analgesics help?
- Short duration pain
- Sharp pain
- Sweet/hot/cold stimuli
- Removing stimulus can remove pain
- Analgesics help
Give some features of irreversible pulpits;
Duration? Type of Pain? Stimuli? Effect on sleep? Do analgesics help?
- Longer duration pain
- Dull throbbing ache
- Spontaneous pain
- Can wake child from sleep
- Analgesics may not help
What are some things to consider when assessing risk of disease? (8)
- Past disease experience
- Current dental status
- Family history
- Diet considerations
- Oral hygiene
- Concomitant medical conditions
- Future expectations of disease activity
- Social factors
What are some social factors that may affect risk of disease? (3)
- Recent migration
- Language barriers
- Ethnic and cultural diversities
What do the following abbreviations mean?
CO? HPC? MH? PDH? G&SH?
- Complaints of
- History of present complaint
- Medical history
- Previous dental history
- General & Social history
When documenting CO what is it important that you write it in?
Use patients/parents own words
What should be asked and recorded when taking HPC? (5)
- Presentation
- Frequency
- Duration
- Severity
- Precipitating and alleviating factors
What information needs to be taken when taking a pregnancy history of the Childs mother? (6)
- Length of confinement
- Birth-weight
- Apgar scores
- Antenatal/perenatal problems
- Prematurity
- Neonatal intensive care
What information needs to be taken when taking a family and social history? (6)
- Who do they live with?
- Family history of serious illness
- Family pedigree tree
- Schooling, help in class
- Speech and language problems
- Pets, hobbies and other interests
Which aspects of the PDH are important in child patient? (5)
- Previous treatment
- Eruption times/dental development
- Preventive treatment received
- Previous methods of pain control
- Para-functional habits
When can you perform a BPE on a child? (2)
- From age 7 upwards
- When marker teeth are present (permanent rentals/1st molars)
What are the BPE scores for children?
0 = Healthy 1 = Bleeding 2 = Calculus
What are the soft tissues you inspect during a intra oral examination of a child?
- Lips and labial mucosa
- Buccal mucosa
- Palatal hard/soft mucosae
- FOM, lower lingual area
- Oropharynx and tonsils
- Oral hygiene and periodontal status
What are the aspects you inspect during an extra oral examination of a child? (7)
- Size, general appearance, interaction with parents, gait
- Facial symmetry
- Lips competent
- Eyes
- Skin
- TMJ
- Cervical, submandibular and occipital lymph nodes
