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History Chapter 7 Flashcards

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0
Q

What changes did America’s independence bring

A

It provided new land opportunities, it led to greater social equality, and it drastically changed the government of the colonies

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1
Q

The _______ ___ __________ secured America’s independence from Britain and with independence

A

Treaty of Paris

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2
Q

What does bicameral mean

A

Two-house

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3
Q

What kind of state government did most of the states set up

A

Bicameral

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4
Q

What did the articles of confederation establish

A

A union in which the central government is subject to the state governments

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5
Q

What does ratify mean

A

Approve

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6
Q

What were the new government’s weaknesses

A

They couldn’t get any of the states to agree on anything, the central government had no executive or judicial branches to provide strong leadership and a just court system, and congress lacked the power to tax and to preform other essential duties

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7
Q

What was the name of the uprising led by Daniel Shays not to pay taxes

A

Shays Rebellion

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8
Q

The ____________ ___________ provided for the establishment of new states north and west of the Ohio River. It also guaranteed freedom of religion, trial by jury, and public education, and prohibited slavery

A

Northwest ordinance

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9
Q

What are amendments

A

Additions

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10
Q

Where did the state delegates assemble for the Constitutional Convention

A

Philadelphia’s Independence Hall

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11
Q

What state didn’t attend the Constitutional Convention

A

Rhode Island

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12
Q

Why didn’t Rhode Island attend the Convention

A

She feared that the big states would dominate the event.

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13
Q

What was the Constitutional Convention supposed to be for

A

Revising the Articles

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14
Q

Perhaps who was the most important member of the Constitutional Convention whose ideas on law, order, and Christian responsibility greatly influenced the Constitution

A

James Madison

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15
Q

Who was elected president of the Constitutional Convention

A

George Washington

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16
Q

Where was Thomas Jefferson during the Constitutional Convention

A

In France serving as the American ambassador

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17
Q

Where was John Adams during the Constitutional Convention

A

England

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18
Q

Who said that God governs in the affairs of men to calm the shouting at the Constitutional Convention and suggested that they begin each morning with prayer, asking for God’s guidance and wisdom.

A

Benjamin Franklin

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19
Q

What did the Virginia Plan establish

A

Representation according to the state population

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20
Q

What did the New Jersey Plan establish

A

Equal representation for each state

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21
Q

What plan did the smaller states call for

A

New Jersey Plan

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22
Q

What plan did the larger states call for

A

Virginia Plan

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23
Q

What was James Madison’s nickname during the Constitutional Convention

A

Father of the Constitution

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24
Q

What did James Madison promote

A

Careful balance of power that would prevent one branch of government from becoming to powerful

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25
Q

What Compromise called for a bicameral legislature

A

Connecticut Compromise

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26
Q

What does bicameral mean

A

Two house

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27
Q

The _________ ___ _____________ is the number of representatives for each state

A

House of Representatives

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28
Q

What is another name for the Connecticut Compromise

A

Great Compromise

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29
Q

Why is the Connecticut Compromise known as the Freat Compromise

A

Because it probably saved the Constitutional Convention from failure

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30
Q

The ______________ ____________ counted three of every five slaves for representation and taxation

A

Three-Fifths Compromise

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31
Q

What are tariffs

A

Fees on imported goods

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32
Q

What compromise made Congress unable to levy export tariffs and regulate the slave trade at least until 1808

A

The Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise

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33
Q

The Constitution could not be changed unless ____________ majority vote in both houses of congress and ___________ of the states had to ratify the change

A

Two-thirds and three-fourths

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34
Q

What were people called that approved the constitution

A

Federalists

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35
Q

In a ___________ ___________ the power is divided between the states and the national government

A

Federal System

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36
Q

Those who oppose the constitution were called

A

Anti-Federalists

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37
Q

What three people published a series of articles supporting the constitution called the ___________ __________

A

Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, called the Federalist Papers

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38
Q

When did all the states ratify the Constitution

A

May 29, 1790

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39
Q

Who was the first to ratify the Constitution

A

Delaware

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40
Q

The ______ ____ _________ consists of the first 10 amendments to the constitution

A

Bill of Rights

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41
Q

What was the Constitutions first amendment

A

A guarantee of religious freedom

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42
Q

A __________ is a government controlled by its citizens through elected representatives

A

Republic

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43
Q

In a _________ __________ the people govern indirectly through elected representatives both in their state and in the national government

A

Federal Republic

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44
Q

What were the three branches in the national government

A

Legislative, executive, and judicial

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45
Q

What was the judicial, legislative, and the executive branches jobs

A

Legislative-make laws

Executive-enforce laws

Judicial-interpret the law according the Constitution

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46
Q

What great statesman and scientist helped calm the delegates during the heated debates

A

Benjamin Franklin

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47
Q

Name the three compromises made at the Constitutional Convention

A

Three-Fifths Compromise, the Connecticut Compromise, and the Commerce and Slave Compromise

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48
Q

Under the Constitution who kept most of the power

A

Power divided between state and the national government

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49
Q

The _______ ________ would maintain law and order, assure free trade and sound money, and protect the nation in time of war

A

Central government

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50
Q

Name the three branches of the national government

A

Legislative, executive, and judicial

51
Q

How would the three branches check and balance each other

A

By having separate but equal powers

52
Q

What did the ten amendments list

A

The people’s individual rights and freedoms

53
Q

The people who wrote our constitution __________ in or had great ________ for prayer and the bible

A

Believed, respect

54
Q

Why did many Americans insist on a Bill of Rights

A

To control man’s sinful nature

55
Q

What three changes did independence bring to america

A

It provided land opportunities It lead to greater social equality and it drastically changes the government of the colonies

56
Q

How did James Madison’s beliefs contribute to the U.S constitution

A

His ideas on law, order, and Christian responsibility, as well as his background in Old Testament law and English tradition, greatly influenced the Constitution

57
Q

What great statesman and scientist helped calm the delegates during the heated debates of 1787

A

Benjamin Franklin

58
Q

Name three compromises made at the Constitutional Convention

A

Connecticut Compromise, Three-Fifths Compromise, and the Commerce and Slave Compromise

59
Q

What did federalists want? What did non federalists want?

A

power divided between state and national government, to keep the national government from taking power away from the states

60
Q

Under the constitution who had the most power?

A

state and local governments

61
Q

Name the three branches of national government

A

legislative, judicial, and executive

62
Q

How would the three branches of national government check and balance each other

A

by having separate but equal powers

63
Q

Why did many americans insist on a Bill of Rights

A

to control man’s sinful nature

64
Q

Who was America’s first vice president

A

John Adams

65
Q

Where was the nation’s first capital

A

New York City

66
Q

How did George Washington conclude his oath of office

A

with the words so help me God and by placing his hand on the Bible

67
Q

What is the President’s cabinet

A

the name given to the President’s advisors

68
Q

What sparked the Whiskey Rebellion

A

angry corn farmers, who made whiskey, rebelled against an excise tax on whiskey

69
Q

How did George Washington respond to the Whiskey Rebellion

A

he called out the militia

70
Q

What is a Gold Standard

A

paper money and bank notes that are backed with silver and gold

71
Q

the __________ ___________ settled the disputed boundary between Spanish West Florida and the United States

A

Pinckney Treaty

72
Q

Who was the first Secretary of the Treasury

A

Alexander Hamilton

73
Q

Who was the first Secretary of State

A

Thomas Jefferson

74
Q

Who was the first Secretary of War

A

Henry Knox

75
Q

Who was the first Attorney General

A

Edmund Randolf

76
Q

Who was the first Postmaster General

A

Samuel Osgood

77
Q

A _________ ______________ believes that the federal government is not limited to those powers expressly listed in the Constitution

A

Loose Constructionist

78
Q

A _________ _______________ interpret the Construction just the way it was written

A

Strict Constructionists

79
Q

Who chose the sight for Washington D.C

A

George Washington

80
Q

Where is Washington D.C located

A

on the banks of the Potomac River in Maryland and Virginia

81
Q

Name the architect President Washington commissioned to design the nation’s capital

A

Pierre L’ Enfant

82
Q

Who finished designing the capital

A

Benjamin Banneker

83
Q

Name the second President of the United States

A

John Adams

84
Q

What was the Federalist Era

A

the first 12 years of the Constitutional republic when the Federalists held most of the power

85
Q

How did Britain respond to the death of George Washington

A

The British fleet lowered its flag in respect for him

86
Q

What did Henry Lee say about George Washington in his eulogy

A

First in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen

87
Q

Name the third President of the United States

A

Thomas Jefferson

88
Q

the first 10 amendments to the Constitution

A

Bill of Rights

89
Q

A system which ensures that no power in government will become too powerful

A

Checks and Balances

90
Q

Its first guarantee is freedom of religion

A

First Amendment

91
Q

the branch that is to interpret laws

A

Judicial

92
Q

Power divided between state and local governments through elected representatives

A

Federal Republic

93
Q

Established coinage of gold, silver, and copper money

A

Mint Act

94
Q

Settled New World boundaries with Spain

A

Pinckney Treaty

95
Q

Set up a Federal Court System

A

Judiciary Act

96
Q

Settled dispute with England over British Forts

A

Jay Treaty

97
Q

Set a gold standard and regulated private banks

A

Bank of the United States

98
Q

What early government proved to be too weak for our young nation

A

Articles of Confederation

99
Q

The plan that proposed a legislature based on population as the ________

A

Virginia Plan

100
Q

Slaves were to be counted for taxation and representation by the _________

A

Three-Fifths Compromise

101
Q

What are tariffs

A

Taxes on imports

102
Q

What city was our nation’s first capital

A

New York

103
Q

The president’s advisers were also called his _______

A

Cabinet

104
Q

The Whiskey Rebellion was a rebellion against _______

A

Taxes

105
Q

Negotiated a treaty with Spain to settle New World border disputes

A

Thomas Pinckney

106
Q

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who established the court’s authority to rule on the constitutionality of a law

A

John Marshall

107
Q

His treaty removed British soldiers from American outposts

A

John Jay

108
Q

Completed the plans of Washington, D.C., from memory

A

Benjamin Banneker

109
Q

French architect who designed Washington, D.C

A

Pierre L’Enfant

110
Q

First Secretary of the Treasury

A

Alexander Hamilton

111
Q

First Vice President

A

John Adams

112
Q

Father of the Constitution

A

James Madison

113
Q

First Secretary of War

A

Henry Knox

114
Q

First Secretary of State

A

Thomas Jefferson

115
Q

How long does a patent protect a inventors work

A

17 years

116
Q

Who was the senior statesman at the Constitutional Convention

A

Benjamin Franklin

117
Q

The what was also called the Great Compromise

A

Connecticut Compromise

118
Q

Additions to the Constitution are called what

A

Amendments

119
Q

Where was the Declaration of Independence signed

A

Philadelphia

120
Q

Of the two houses, the ________________________ is based on population

A

House of Representatives

121
Q

The three branches of government are the legislative, judicial, and the ___________

A

Executive

122
Q

The term __________ means to approve a plan or proposed idea

A

Ratify

123
Q

When French officials tried to bribe the American diplomats, it was dubbed the ___________ Affair

A

XYZ

124
Q

The Federalists wanted a ___________ construction of the Constitution

A

Loose

125
Q

What is another name for construction

A

Interpretation

History (10 decks)

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