History and Systems Quiz Flashcards
When you see a rose and smell its fragrance, which set of senses would John Locke say you are using?
a. reflection senses
b. outer senses
c. inner senses
d. associative senses
b. outer senses
Which of the following is a part of Darwin’s theory of natural selection?
a. Individuals with adaptative traits tend to live long enough to reproduce.
b. There is limited variation within a species.
c. Only the physically strongest will survive the struggle for existence.
d. Evolution only works on animals, not humans.
a. Individuals with adaptative traits tend to live long enough to reproduce.
Each higher octave in music doubles in frequency, yet we do not perceive that. As listeners, we perceive the octaves as equally spaced in pitch. This is an example of what psychophysiological concept?
a. Fechner’s law
b. method of limits
c. Weber’s law
d. just-noticeable difference
a. Fechner’s law
Which American psychologist pioneered the use of mental tests to study intelligence?
a. Edwin Boring
b. James Baldwin
c. Lightner Witmer
d. James McKeen Cattell
d. James McKeen Cattell
Which early American psychologist criticized Freud’s ideas about the unconscious mind?
a. Edward Titchener
b. James Mark Baldwin
c. James McKeen Cattell
d. Hugo Münsterberg
d. Hugo Münsterberg
When driving in bad weather, we often turn the music volume down in order to better concentrate on the road. This is an example of what important aspect of consciousness?
a. selective attention
b. introspection
c. sensory interference
d. subliminal consciousness
a. selective attention
______ is the idea that development occurs through a set schedule of milestones.
a. Psychoanalysis
b. Maturationism
c. Behaviorism
d. Recapitulation
b. Maturationism
Skinner’s concept of reinforcement highlighted an organism’s ______ with a behavior and its consequence as the determining factor in repeating a natural selection.
a. past experience
b. drive reduction
c. incentive motivation
d. stimulus–response
a. past experience
Lewin’s action research has a primary goal to find practical solutions to ______.
a. pressing social issues
b. understanding group dynamics
c. facilitating group dynamics
d. reeducating
a. pressing social issues
In Freudian psychosexual development theory, nail biting is an example of ______.
a. phallic fixation
b. oral fixation
c. latent fixation
d. anal fixation
b. oral fixation
Carl Jung explored the psychiatric concept of complexes using a novel method he developed, a ______ task.
a. word association
b. word to color
c. ink blot
d. dream recall
a. word association
Piaget’s model of cognitive development of human children, based on what he had noted in animals’ learning behavioral traits that allowed them to adapt to their environmental changes, is called the ______ model.
a. assimilation
b. stage
c. accommodation
d. adaptation
b. stage
John Bowlby corresponded and visited Harry Harlow’s macaques research laboratory and was struck by how similar the macaques self-soothing behaviors to those of the ______ he’d observed back in England.
a. mice
b. chimpanzees
c. orphans
d. epileptics
c. orphans
A vivid and detailed recollection of events after an emotionally charged experience is called ______.
a. eyewitness phenomenon
b. unreliability of memory
c. perpetual cycle
d. flashbulb memory
b. unreliability of memory
The American social psychologist who has used cognitive dissonance theory for the purpose of effecting positive social change was ______.
a. Abraham Maslow
b. Stanley Schachter
c. Elliot Aronson
d. Leon Festinger
c. Elliot Aronson
