History 2.1 notes and words

Question 1

One of the earliest English settlements in America. The English Puritans settled here for religious and political reasons.

Answer 1

Boston

Question 2

A legislative assembly created in the British colony of Virginia. It was established in Jamestown in 1619.

Answer 2

House of Burgesses

Question 3

The first representative government in what later became the United States and was the first elected body in any British colony.

Answer 3

House of Burgesses

Question 4

The 22 burgesses, or representatives, were only one part of _________. The other part was made up of the ________ and _______ who were appointed by the Virginia Company, the proprietor of Virginia.

Answer 4

Virginia’s legislature, governor, a council

Question 5

_________ signified the colonists’ belief that they had the same rights to self-government as if they had stayed in England.

Answer 5

The house of burgesses

Question 6

An English army officer and philanthropist who founded the British colony of GEORGIA.

Answer 6

James Oglethorpe

Question 7

Oglethorpe became a member of the_________ in 1722. His goal was to create a place where ____________. He also wanted to offer protection for persecuted_________

Answer 7

English Parliament, poor people could start new lives, Protestants

Question 8

The first successful English settlement in North America. Settled by British colonists. In present day Virginia.

Answer 8

Jamestown

Question 9

Their primary pursuit for settling in James town was ________, and adventure and a ________

Answer 9

searching for gold and silver, new life

Question 10

An early American colonist, originally from England. He sailed to the New World in 1630 with a charter to start a new colony. Built the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Answer 10

John Winthrop

Question 11

A war positioned a united force of Native Americans against English settlers in the Plymouth Bay Colony of Massachusetts from 1675 to 1676

Answer 11

King Philip’s War

Question 12

What caused King Philip’s War?

Answer 12

Settlers began to force their way into lands that Native Americans controlled. They seized hunting grounds and imposed their laws and values.

Question 13

Also called the Delaware, are a group of Native Americans who lived in the area that is now Long Island, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.

Answer 13

Lenni Lenape

Question 14

At the time Europeans arrived, the Lenni Lenape lived in the region that became the__________.

Answer 14

Middle Colonies

Question 15

The Lenni Lenape treated William Penn, the founder of _________ well, but they didn’t get along with his sons who_________

Answer 15

Pennsylvania, fooled them for their land

Question 16

_________ founded the colony of Maryland.

Answer 16

Cecil Calvert the second lord of Baltimore

Question 17

Cecil Calvert the first of the colonial proprietors _________

Answer 17

who were granted power by royal charter to govern the land in a colony

Question 18

This colony was settled in 1630. The colonists were largely Puritans, in search of a new place to express religious freedom. The colony also had a role as a business venture as well.

Answer 18

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Question 19

Winthrop famously described the Massachusetts bay colony as, “a city upon a hill.” This meant that the colony should be held to a _________

Answer 19

high moral and religious standard

Question 20

In the Massachusetts Bay Colony colonists could only vote if they were ___________, and __________ played a large role in the social structure and community activities of the colony.

Answer 20

members of the church, religion

Question 21

Although the Puritans escaped____________ in Europe, the Massachusetts Bay Colony was ________ of religious dissenters, such as Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson.

Answer 21

religious tolerance, intolerance

Question 22

A document drawn up by the Pilgrims who sailed to Plymouth on the Mayflower. Those who signed the document agreed that they would form a government and follow any laws that were agreed upon for the “general good of the colony.”

Answer 22

Mayflower Compact

Question 23

What states were in the Middle Colonies?

Answer 23

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.

Question 24

The Middle Colonies were under __________ control.

Answer 24

British

Question 25

The____________ are known for being the most diverse of all of the colonies, due to the migration of people from different parts of the world because of __________

Answer 25

Middle Colonies, religious and political tolerance

Question 26

What states were in the New England Colonies?

Answer 26

Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Maine (which was originally part of Massachusetts).

Question 27

The Middle Colonies began with the establishment of the _________ in 1620, expanded with the founding of the_________ in 1630

Answer 27

Plymouth Colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony

Question 28

The New England region has a cool climate and rocky soil that is not well suited for large-scale farming. As a result, the New England colonists relied on _____________

Answer 28

subsistence farming and trade

Question 29

The New England Colonies are also often characterized by strict _________

Answer 29

adherence to religion

Question 30

William Penn was an____________ (a Christian religious sect) who left England for America. His goal was to establish a new colony based on religious tolerance, so __________ was made.

Answer 30

English Quaker, Pennsylvania

Question 31

Trade agreements were forged and broken, trust was gained and lost, and hostilities sometimes boiled over. In May of 1637, the__________ marked the first time these negative feelings translated into a full-on, armed conflict between the settlers and tribes.

Answer 31

Pequot War

Question 32

They were also known as Separatists because when they were in England, they wanted to separate from the established Anglican Church and form new churches.

Answer 32

Pilgrims

Question 33

The colony that the Pilgrims founded in Plymouth became the ___________ New England.

Answer 33

first permanent European colony

Question 34

In 1691 the Plymouth colony became part of the____________, a settlement that was founded in 1630 by Puritans.

Answer 34

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Question 35

The _____________, also known as New Plymouth and Plymouth Colony, was founded in 1620 by about 100 Pilgrims fleeing ____________ in England.

Answer 35

Plymouth bay colony, religious tolerance

Question 36

English colonist who founded the colony of Rhode Island.

Answer 36

Roger Williams

Question 37

What states did the Southern Colonies include?

Answer 37

Maryland, Virginia, the Carolinas (officially divided into North and South Carolina in 1735), and Georgia.

Question 38

The Southern Colonies were known for having a warm, damp climate, perfect for agriculture which made ___________

Answer 38

large plantations thrive

Question 39

__________ believed that all people should be able to have a say in who was elected leader, regardless of their religious views.

Answer 39

Thomas Hooker

Question 40

English Quaker who founded Pennsylvania, promoted religious toleration, and made friends with the Lenape Indians

Answer 40

William Penn

Question 41

What different types of colonies are there?

Answer 41

Corporate, proprietary, royal

Question 42

A _________ administered the affairs of a corporate colony.

Answer 42

corporation

Question 43

Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Virginia were what type of colonies?

Answer 43

corporate

Question 44

Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Georgia, and the Carolinas were what type of colonies?

Answer 44

proprietary

Question 45

What is the difference between a corporate colony and proprietary?

Answer 45

corporate - run by corporation, proprietary - run by a single or group of proprietor

Question 46

a government in which the people have the power to make political decisions.

Answer 46

democracy

Question 47

In a ______________, all of the people who have that power gather together to create laws under which they will live.

Answer 47

direct democracy

Question 48

People elect leaders who will represent them and make laws and policies that are in their interests.

Answer 48

representative democracy