History 2.1 notes and words Flashcards
One of the earliest English settlements in America. The English Puritans settled here for religious and political reasons.
Boston
A legislative assembly created in the British colony of Virginia. It was established in Jamestown in 1619.
House of Burgesses
The first representative government in what later became the United States and was the first elected body in any British colony.
House of Burgesses
The 22 burgesses, or representatives, were only one part of _________. The other part was made up of the ________ and _______ who were appointed by the Virginia Company, the proprietor of Virginia.
Virginia’s legislature, governor, a council
_________ signified the colonists’ belief that they had the same rights to self-government as if they had stayed in England.
The house of burgesses
An English army officer and philanthropist who founded the British colony of GEORGIA.
James Oglethorpe
Oglethorpe became a member of the_________ in 1722. His goal was to create a place where ____________. He also wanted to offer protection for persecuted_________
English Parliament, poor people could start new lives, Protestants
The first successful English settlement in North America. Settled by British colonists. In present day Virginia.
Jamestown
Their primary pursuit for settling in James town was ________, and adventure and a ________
searching for gold and silver, new life
An early American colonist, originally from England. He sailed to the New World in 1630 with a charter to start a new colony. Built the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
John Winthrop
A war positioned a united force of Native Americans against English settlers in the Plymouth Bay Colony of Massachusetts from 1675 to 1676
King Philip’s War
What caused King Philip’s War?
Settlers began to force their way into lands that Native Americans controlled. They seized hunting grounds and imposed their laws and values.
Also called the Delaware, are a group of Native Americans who lived in the area that is now Long Island, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.
Lenni Lenape
At the time Europeans arrived, the Lenni Lenape lived in the region that became the__________.
Middle Colonies
The Lenni Lenape treated William Penn, the founder of _________ well, but they didn’t get along with his sons who_________
Pennsylvania, fooled them for their land
_________ founded the colony of Maryland.
Cecil Calvert the second lord of Baltimore
Cecil Calvert the first of the colonial proprietors _________
who were granted power by royal charter to govern the land in a colony
This colony was settled in 1630. The colonists were largely Puritans, in search of a new place to express religious freedom. The colony also had a role as a business venture as well.
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Winthrop famously described the Massachusetts bay colony as, “a city upon a hill.” This meant that the colony should be held to a _________
high moral and religious standard
In the Massachusetts Bay Colony colonists could only vote if they were ___________, and __________ played a large role in the social structure and community activities of the colony.
members of the church, religion
Although the Puritans escaped____________ in Europe, the Massachusetts Bay Colony was ________ of religious dissenters, such as Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson.
religious tolerance, intolerance
A document drawn up by the Pilgrims who sailed to Plymouth on the Mayflower. Those who signed the document agreed that they would form a government and follow any laws that were agreed upon for the “general good of the colony.”
Mayflower Compact
What states were in the Middle Colonies?
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.
The Middle Colonies were under __________ control.
British
The____________ are known for being the most diverse of all of the colonies, due to the migration of people from different parts of the world because of __________
Middle Colonies, religious and political tolerance
What states were in the New England Colonies?
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Maine (which was originally part of Massachusetts).
The Middle Colonies began with the establishment of the _________ in 1620, expanded with the founding of the_________ in 1630
Plymouth Colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony
The New England region has a cool climate and rocky soil that is not well suited for large-scale farming. As a result, the New England colonists relied on _____________
subsistence farming and trade
The New England Colonies are also often characterized by strict _________
adherence to religion
William Penn was an____________ (a Christian religious sect) who left England for America. His goal was to establish a new colony based on religious tolerance, so __________ was made.
English Quaker, Pennsylvania
Trade agreements were forged and broken, trust was gained and lost, and hostilities sometimes boiled over. In May of 1637, the__________ marked the first time these negative feelings translated into a full-on, armed conflict between the settlers and tribes.
Pequot War
They were also known as Separatists because when they were in England, they wanted to separate from the established Anglican Church and form new churches.
Pilgrims
The colony that the Pilgrims founded in Plymouth became the ___________ New England.
first permanent European colony
In 1691 the Plymouth colony became part of the____________, a settlement that was founded in 1630 by Puritans.
Massachusetts Bay Colony
The _____________, also known as New Plymouth and Plymouth Colony, was founded in 1620 by about 100 Pilgrims fleeing ____________ in England.
Plymouth bay colony, religious tolerance
English colonist who founded the colony of Rhode Island.
Roger Williams
What states did the Southern Colonies include?
Maryland, Virginia, the Carolinas (officially divided into North and South Carolina in 1735), and Georgia.
The Southern Colonies were known for having a warm, damp climate, perfect for agriculture which made ___________
large plantations thrive
__________ believed that all people should be able to have a say in who was elected leader, regardless of their religious views.
Thomas Hooker
English Quaker who founded Pennsylvania, promoted religious toleration, and made friends with the Lenape Indians
William Penn
What different types of colonies are there?
Corporate, proprietary, royal
A _________ administered the affairs of a corporate colony.
corporation
Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Virginia were what type of colonies?
corporate
Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Georgia, and the Carolinas were what type of colonies?
proprietary
What is the difference between a corporate colony and proprietary?
corporate - run by corporation, proprietary - run by a single or group of proprietor
a government in which the people have the power to make political decisions.
democracy
In a ______________, all of the people who have that power gather together to create laws under which they will live.
direct democracy
People elect leaders who will represent them and make laws and policies that are in their interests.
representative democracy
