History Flashcards
What was Joseph Priestly credited for
Discovery of oxygen and nitrous oxide
Discovering photosynthesis
What was Humphrey Davy credited for
Discovery of potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium
Suggested NO use for surgical pain control
Who was credited for discovery of IV access
Sir Christopher Wren and Robert Boyle
-created IV therapy with goose quill
-administered alcohol into dog’s vein
What was Valerius Cordus credited for discovering?
Diethyl ether
-made from sulfuric acid and ethyl alcohol
-named ether: greek for ignite
-tested on chickens and dogs
What is the first used volatile anesthetic?
Diethyl ether
Who was first credited with the use of Nitrous Oxide as an anesthetic?
Horace Wells
What was the reason(s) why nitrous oxide wasn’t initially taken seriously as an anesthetic?
Worked for sedation/analgesia but didn’t stop patient movement
Caused hypoxia when administered with air
Who was the first to use Nitrous with oxygen
Dr. Andrews, Chicago surgeon. Noticed giving oxygen with nitrous didn’t cause cyanosis
What was the first anesthesia machine with nitrous/oxygen?
Hewitt
Where and when was the first public demonstration of ether
1846 - Boston, Mass. General “Ether Dome”
Who “discovered” epidemiology?
Dr. John Snow
traced London cholera outbreak to water source
What is a possible side effect of chloroform?
hepatotoxicity
What is a Bier block?
Regional block. Tourniquet applied to extremity and lidocaine injected IV.
1st Nurse Anesthetist
Sister Mary Bernard
Who is the “mother of anesthesia”?
Alice Magaw
Who opened the 1st nurse anesthesia school
Agatha Hodgins
Which volatile anesthetic hit the market in 1981
Isoflurane
Which volatile anesthetic has the most rapid onset and offset
Desflurane
What is a downside of Desflurane?
Takes large quantity to achieve anesthesia - expensive
What is MAC?
Minimal alveolar concentration - how volatile anesthetics are dosed
Who created MAC?
Edmund Egar
What is the most recently discovered volatile anesthetics?
Sevoflurane in 1995
What is a benefit of Sevoflurane?
Not irritating to the airway
Which inhaled anesthetic is used extensively in children?
Sevoflurane
What are the 3 “triads”
Analgesia
Amnesia
Muscle Relaxation
