History Flashcards
Historia
History in spanish
Define war.
A state of armed conflict between different contries or groups in a country
What was the protestant reformation?
It resulted in the creation of a new type of
Christianity called Protestanism that separated
the Roman Catholic Church.
When did the Protestant reformation happen
The Protestant Reformation happened in Europe in the
1500’s.
Why was religion important to people in the 1500’s?
Church was a public meeting place and there was a belief that is if you didn’t go to church weekly, you will go to HELL.
Who started the protestant reformation?
Martin Luther (not Martin Luther King Jr)
What language did Martin Luther translate the New testament into?
German
How many Theses did Martin Luther write?
95
What job did Martin Luther work?
Monk
How does Martin Luther scare the important people of the church?
He was serious about his cause and they thought he would not fight back.
The split of Protestants and Catholics could lead to r_ _ _ _ _ _ n, c _ l wars and f _ _ s because religion was so i _ _ _ _ _ _t.
The split of Protestants and Catholics could lead to rebelion, civil wars and fights because religion was so important.
One of the reason was that the important Catholic people brought him to the _____ of _______.
One of the reason was that the important Catholic people brought him to the diet of worm.
Name 5 of the reasons that the Protestant Reformation spread so far.
Printing ; Nationallism (King as the leader) ; Rising prices (indulgences) ; Corruption (in the church) ; General Change
What was the 3 things Henry VIII called in his early reign?
The athelete ; The good Catholic ; The big spender
What 5 sports did Henry VIII like?
Hunting, tennis, archery, wrestling and jousting. (and snowball fights)
Why was Henry VIII called the Good Catholic?
He visited church 3 times a day. He got the title, ‘Defender of Faith’. He wrote a book about supporting the Pope.
Why was Henry VIII called the big spender?
He betted alot in cards, dice and sport. He had massive parties with expensive clothes.
What is the Break with Rome?
The Break with Rome is when Henry VIII broke away from the control of Roman Catholic Church and created the Church of England.
When did Henry VIII become king?
1509
What name did Henry VIII want his people to call him?
Your Majesty
Name the 4 reasons that Henry VIII broke with Rome?
Money ; Love ; Faith ; Power
When did Henry want a divorce from Catherine of Aragon?
1527
Who did Catherine give birth to?
Mary
Who did Henry VIII fall in love with after Catherine of Aragon?
Anne Boleyn
What money did Henry VIII did he want?
The Money from the church
What was in the Catholic Monasteries?
Gold and Silver
What religion was Anne Boleyn?
Protestant
Apparently, Anne Boleyn had how many fingers on one hand?
6 Fingers!
Who were the two Thomas’s in power?
Cromwell and Cranmer
What religion was Cromwell and Cranmer?
Protestant
Nationalism was that the people believe that …
… the king should be in religous power.
Henry used _______ to help him.
Henry used parliament to help him.
Who was the King after Henry VIII?
Edward VI
How old was Edward VI when he became king?
9 years old
What religion was Edward VI?
Protestant
Who was Mary I ‘s mother?
Catherine of Aragon
Who was Elizabeth I ‘s mother?
Anne Boleyn
How did Anne Boleyn die?
Beheaded
What religion was Mary I?
Catholic
What religion was Elizabeth?
Protestant
When did Mary become queen?
1553
Was Mary married before being queen?
No
How old was Mary when she became queen?
37
Mary made the P_ _ _ religious leader, she made married p_ _ _ _ _ _ divorce and the b_ _ _ _ was changed back to English.
Mary made the Pope religious leader, she made married priests divorce and the bible was changed back to English.
How did Mary I kill the protestants?
She burnt them at the stake!
What was Mary I ‘s nickname?
Bloody Mary (Burny Mary)
Mary said she would spare me but she killed me instead Who am I?
Jane Grey
Who killed more people than Mary I in the Tudor Family?
Henry Tudor VIII
What was Elizabeth I ‘s compromise called?
Elizabeth’s Middle Way
Elizabeth gave herself what title?
Supreme Governor of Faith
What did Elizabeth I make the religion of England?
Protestant
Which religious leaders did Elizabeth keep?
Bishops
Church service was in what language?
English
Priests could _______.
Marry!
What is a Civil war?
A civil war is a war between groups within the same country!
What was the divine right of kings?
The belief that kings were sent by God and that it is a crime to not obey the king.
Which king thought they were a Skibidi Ohio Sigma Alpha Male and thought he was better than everyone?
King Charles I
What was ship tax?
A tax that was used to improve the navy in times of warfare.
Charles tried to force ship money in times of _________.
Peace
What did Charles I do with monolopies and titles?
He sold them.
Who did Charles I marry?
Henrietta Maria
What problems did Charles I have?
Money problems
Who was appointed as Arch Bishop of Canterbury?
William Laud
What did Archbishop Laud do to annoy the scots?
He changed the prayer book
What did the scots do in reaction to the new prayer book?
They invaded England.
What did Charles I have to do raise money for the war with the scots?
He recalled parliament after sending them home 11 years before.
How did the two sides see who was who?
Coloured sashes
Infantry
Foot soldiers
Cavalry
Soldiers on horses
What were indulgences
They were scams from the church to pay money to get into heaven faster
The bible was written in…
Latin
Bloody mary married ….
Catholic King philip of Spain
The monthly tax that you had to pay if you did not go to church was ….
Recusants
What day did mary die
17 November 1558
The job of a pikeman was …
Stand infront of the whole army with a five metre long pole and as the enemy approched the dug one side in the ground and the other side at the enemy charging horses
What year did the Protestant Reformation begin?
1517
What were the causes of the civil war?
King Charles thought he could do whatever he wanted.
He sent parliment home for 11 years.
Parliment was restricting the amount of money thet the king could get.
Parliment killed two of Charles’ personal advisors. He irritated protestants.
Charles raised taxes just for money
What made King Charles think that he could do whatever he wanted?
The Divine Right Of Kings
What did King Charles do that annoyed the Scotish?
He told the scotish to change there prayer book to a new one that they did not like
What did the Parlimanterians wear to show who’s side they were on?
Yellow Sashes
What did the royalists wear to show what side they were on?
Red sashes
Who were the roundheads?
The parlimentarians
Who were the Cavaliers?
The Royalists
How did people choose what side they were on?
The side that got to there town or village first would be the the side that they would be on
Where were the Parlimanterians most popular?
In the south especially in london and other big towns and ports. Merchants, businessmen and puritans would fight for parliament
Who would fight for the King?
Rich lords and country gentlemen he wast most popular in North of England, Wales, Devon, Cornwall and Somerset
Who would be in the Cavalry?
The rich lords
What job would the ordinary people take in the war?
Pikemen or Musketeers also known as infantry
Who was Oliver Cromwell before the war?
He was a puritan member of parliment and a farmer
How did Cromwell choose his men?
He chose them based on their abilities rather than their wealth
What made Cromwells cavalry more manouverable than the royalists cavalry?
Strict Discipline which made them more manouverable
When did the battle of marston Moor take place?
1644
When did the battle of Naseby take place?
1645
Who won the battle of Naseby and Marston Moor
Parliment
Who did King Charles 1 Surrender to on the 5 may 1645
The Scottish
How much did the scottish sell him to Parliment for?
£400,000
Where did Parliament imprison King Charles 1
The Isle of White
What were the Laws of the New Model army?
Duties to god
Duties toward superiors and commanders
Seditious (criticising cromwell or parliment) words
Moral duties
Duties toward civilians
Duties in camp and garrison
Duties in action
When did the civil war start?
1642
Where was the first great battle of the civil war?
Edgehill
Which castle was king Charles 1 inprisoned in?
Carisbook Castle
Who did Charles secretly persuade to invade England?
The Scottish
Who helped the scots invade England for Charles?
Charles’ remaininng supporters
Who defeated the scottish and charles’ supporters?
Oliver Cromwell and the new Model Army (they were defeated easily)
How many members of Parliment were there at the time?
286
How many members of parliment thought that King Charles should be given another chance?
240
How many members of Parliament were left to discuss what to do with the king?
46
When was king Charles’ trial for treason?
20 January 1649 in Westminster Hall
Out of 135 Judges only how many showed up?
67 Judges turned up
What was King Charles’ full Name
King Charles Stewart
When was the second civil war?
1648
Who was the second civil war between?
The Scottish that charles’ secretly asked to invade England, the remaining royalist supporters VS Oliver Cromwell’s New Model Army
What was King Charles charged with?
Treason, murder, rapings, burnings, damage and deloation
What was king charles called after they read out the charges?
A tyrant, traitor,murderer and an enemy to the common wealth of england
What did Charles not do with his hat in the courtroom?
He did not take it off
How did King Charles behave in the courtroom during trial?
He interrupted and he even laughed at what was being said
Why was Charles laughing and interrupting at what was being said in the courtroom?
Because if he accepted to being guilty or not guilty it would make the trial official
How long did the trial last for?
7 days
When did the trial end?
Saturday 27 January
What happened on day 4-6 of the trial?
The leasing Judge (Algernon Sydney) had refused to take part in the trial
How many Judges signed the death warrant?
59 Judges
When was the execution of King Charles set for?
Tuesday 30 January 1649
What was cromwell’s Nickname
Lord protector
What did cromwell do to drogheda in Ireland?
He blew through the 20ft high wall, he killed all armed men and catholic priests, he burnt 300 drogheder defenders alive in a church and sent the survivors to slavery
Why did the population explode?
Fab farmers
Smelly Pants
Young Love
Magic Midwives
Jenner’s jabs
Super soap
Doctors and Nurses
Cleaners cities
Baby boom
Sobering up
Clever kids
When did the industrial revolution begin?
1750
How were houses built
Back to back in rows of terrace
Where did people put their waste
In the river
What year did Edwin Chadwick Make his report?
1842
What did Edwin Chadwick find in his report?
There was a link between poor living standards and the spread of disease
What year did John Snow do his experiment?
7 December 1854
What did John Snow find out with his experiment?
That bad water was the thing that caused and spread cholera
What was John Snow’s experiment
To take the handle off the pump to make it impossible to draw water
What year did Bazalgette start building the sewers and when did he finish?
It began in 1859 and ended in 1875
Where did John Snow do his experiment?
On Broad street are of Soho
When was the public health act
1848
What was the public health act?
A committee that tries to improve public health in the area
When was the sanitary act?
1866
When was Artisans’ and Labourers’ Dwelling Improvement Act?
1875
When was the public health act?
1875
When was the public health act
What was the Artisans’ and Labourers’ Dwelling Improvement Act?
Councils now had the power to pull down the worst houses in the worst areas to built better homes
What was the Sanitary act?
Town had to install a proper water supply and sewage disposal system at once
Public Health Act - Local
councils must keep the pavements lit, paved and cleaned. Sewers must be clean and rubbish cleared from the streets. They may increase taxes to pay for
When was the great stink
1858
Erm what the sigma
Mew
