history

Question 1

empire
1.a group of countries or states that are controlled by one leader or government
These invasions almost led to the collapse of the Roman Empire.
2.a group of commercial organizations controlled by one person or company
He has built a huge business empire from humble beginnings.
the staff who help run his hotel empire

Answer 1

đế quốc,đế chế

Question 2

feudalísm
1.the social system that existed during the Middle Ages in Europe in which people were given land and protection by a nobleman, and had to work and fight for him in return
feudal(adj)

Question 3

capitalism vs communism /ˈkɒmjənɪzəm/(capitalist vs communist) adj
socialism socialist(n,adj)

Answer 3

chủ nghĩa tư bản vs cộng sản

chủ nghĩa xã hội

Question 4

dictatorship/ˌdɪkˈteɪtəʃɪp/
1. government by a dictator /dɪkˈteɪtə(r)/ /ˈdɪkteɪtər/
The generals established a military dictatorship.
They succeeded in overthrowing the fascist dictatorship.
under (a) dictatorship These men had all lived under dictatorship.

dictatorial /ˌdɪktəˈtɔːriəl/

Answer 4

chế độ độc tài

Question 5

facism /ˈfæʃɪzəm/

facist(adj,n)

Answer 5

chủ nghĩa phát xít

Question 6

imperialism /ɪmˈpɪəriəlɪzəm/ imperialist(n,adj)
1.a system in which one country controls other countries, often after defeating them in a war
Roman imperialism
2.the fact of a powerful country increasing its influence over other countries through business, culture, etc.
cultural/economic imperialism

imperial(adj):connected with an empire
the imperial family/palace/army
imperial power/expansion

Answer 6

chủ nghĩa đế quốc

Question 7

liberal(adj,n)
1.willing to understand and respect other people’s behaviour, opinions, etc., especially when they are different from your own; believing people should be able to choose how they behave
liberal attitudes/views/opinions
My parents were very liberal when we were growing up.
2.having or relating to political and social beliefs that support individual freedom and rights, democracy and free enterprise (= businesses competing against each other with little government control)
Some politicians want more liberal trade relations with Europe.
liberal democracy
liberal theories
a liberal politician
a challenge to the post-Cold-War liberal consensus
3.liberal (with something) generous; given in large amounts
SYNONYM lavish
She is very liberal with her money.
I think Sam is too liberal with his criticism (= he criticizes people too much).
Divorced fathers should have liberal access to their children.
We ate cake with liberal amounts of whipped cream.
She’s very liberal with her advice!
4.a liberal education is about increasing somebody’s general knowledge and experience rather than particular skills
a liberal education
5.​not completely accurate or exact
SYNONYM free
a liberal translation of the text
a liberal interpretation of the law

Answer 7

chủ nghĩa tự do

Question 8

radical(adj) /ˈrædɪkl/
1.relating to the most basic and important parts of something; complete and detailed
SYNONYM far-reaching
the need for radical changes in education
demands for radical reform of the law
radical differences between the two systems
This document marks a radical departure from earlier recommendations.
2.new, different and likely to have a great effect
radical ideas
a radical solution to the problem
radical proposals
a truly radical concept
3.in favour of extreme and complete political or social change
the radical wing of the party
radical politicians/students/

far-reaching:
1.likely to have a lot of influence or many effects
far-reaching consequences/implications
far-reaching changes/reforms

Question 9

martyr
1.a person who is killed because of their religious or political beliefs
the early Christian martyrs
Putting him to death would only make him a martyr.
martyr to something a martyr to the cause of freedom
2.(usually disapproving) a person who tries to get sympathy from other people by telling them how much he or she is suffering
He makes a martyr of himself whenever it’s his turn to do the housework.
Stop playing the martyr.
3.​martyr to something (informal) a person who suffers very much because of an illness, problem or situation
She’s a martyr to her nerves.
I feel like a martyr to this vacuum cleaner.
V
1.to kill somebody because of their religious or political beliefs
be martyred (for something) Many first-century Christians were martyred for their faith.

Question 10

remembrance /rɪˈmembrəns/
1,the act or process of remembering an event in the past or a person who is dead
in remembrance of somebody/something A service was held in remembrance of local soldiers killed in the war.
a remembrance service
(formal) He smiled at the remembrance of their first kiss.
a chapel/garden of remembrance (= in memory of people who have died)
2.(formal) an object that causes you to remember somebody/something; a memory of somebody/something
The cenotaph stands as a remembrance of those killed during the war.
The group shared their remembrances of life at school.