Historical Development Flashcards
It is a modality used for the treatment of CANCER
RADIATION ONCOLOGY OR RADIATION
THERAPY
Father of medicine; used the terms “carcinos and carcinoma” to describe non-ulcer forming and ulcer-forming tumors.
HIPPOCRATES (460 - 370 BC)
The Greek word ______ means _______.
“Karkinos”, Crab
The accidental discovery of x-ray by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
NOVEMBER 8, 1895
Roentgen took the very first radiograph of his wife’s hand with a ring.
DECEMBER 26, 1895
Irradiated a female patient named “Rose Lee” due to locally advanced left breast cancer.
He became the world’s first radiation
oncologist.
1896 , DR. EMILE H. GRUBBE
He discovered natural radioactivity from
Uranium Salts.
His discovery made him as “Father of
Radioactivity”.
Old term “Becquerel” unit.
1896, ANTOINE HENRI BECQUEREL
1st physician to use ionizing radiation for
treatment purposes.
He irradiated hairy moles of a 5-year old
He also published the 1st textbook on
radiation therapy in 1903.
1896 LEOPOLD FREUND
They both discovered Polonium and
Radium
Discovery of Radium
New Term of Radioactivity “Curie”
1898, MARIE AND PIERRE CURIE
They postulated the first law of
radiosensitivity
1906
- JEAN ALBAN BERGONIE AND LOUIS
TRIBONDEAU
The first LINAC was constructed by him.
The principles of LINAC was proposed by
Gustav Ising in 1924.
WOLF WIDEROE 1928
They both recognized that treatment may be
better tolerated and more effective if delivered
more slowly with modest doses per day over
several weeks.
Fractionated (smaller doses rather than single
large dose) could achieve the same tumor response
without serious injury to adjacent normal tissue.
1930, CLAUDIUS REGAUD AND HENRI COUTARD
He discovered neutron on which inspired
the U.S. government to begin serious
atomic bomb research efforts.
1932, JAMES CHADWICK
They discovered the first-ever artificially created radioactive atoms (Artificial
Radioactivity).
1934, IRÈNE AND FRÉDÉRIC JOLIOT-CURIE
He invented the cyclotron.
He is known for his work on uranium-isotope
separation.
He was intrigued by a diagram of an accelerator that
produced high-energy particles and contemplated that it could be made compact and came up with an idea for a circular accelerating chamber between the poles of an electromagnet. Hence, the result was the first cyclotron.
1939, ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE
He is notable for the development of the
”Betatron”.
Betatron is a novel type of particle
accelerator used to accelerate electrons.
1940, DONALD WILLIAM KERST
After six or seven months of calibration, first patient
receives cancer therapy using the Betatron, on ___________ – beginning the world’s first “concerted” clinical use of the Betatron
March 29, 1949
This is where the first cobalt-60
installation happened.
November 8, 1951 – world’s first patient
treated with Cobalt-60 teletherapy
machine.
1951, VICTORIA HOSPITAL, London, Ontario
Installation of the 1 st medical LINAC in Stanford, California
1952, HENRY S. KAPLAN
The first patient treated with the linear
accelerator (radiation therapy) for retinoblastoma
GORDON ISAACS
He developed the “Paris System” for brachytherapy with afterloading capability
BERNARD PIERQUIN, 1960
Developed diagnostic technique of x-ray
computed tomography (CT).
His name is immortalized in the “Hounsfield
Scale”, a quantitative measure of radiodensity
used in evaluation CT scans
Human Head – first part of the body that
was scanned.
1972, ODFREY NEWBOLD HOUNSFIELD
First use of scanner and computers for IMRT
(Intensity Modulated Radia7on Therapy)
1990
