Historical Change

Question 1

Tristam

Answer 1

“Celtic may have had effect on low status spoken varieties of Old English and morphology”

Question 2

Weale

Answer 2

“There is genetic evidence for immigration to central England with displacement of male Celtic speakers”

Question 3

Kroch & Taylor

Answer 3

“Scandinavianised dialects of Middle English could have developed different word orders from southern dialects”

Question 4

Keene

Answer 4

“There are documents that identify names of individuals that moved to London over time”

Question 5

Schwartz

Answer 5

“Rail networks by 1914 allowed travellers to open up to new forms of English”

Question 6

Cassidy & Hall

Answer 6

“Slave trade has a lexical importance in American English’s history”

Question 7

Fisher

Answer 7

“Civil War losers were non rhotic resulting in an increasing prestige of 20th century rhotic dialects”

Question 8

Alston & Michael

Answer 8

“Practical English grammars began to appear around 1710”

Question 9

Romaine

Answer 9

“Factors influencing language change are internal and external factors”

Question 10

Hockett

Answer 10

“Random mistakes lead to language changing such as predictive text changing works”

Question 11

Deutscher

Answer 11

“Language changes for economical, expressive and analogical reasons”

Question 12

Halliday

Answer 12

“Language changes according to user needs”

Question 13

What was the very first language spoken in the British Isles?

Answer 13

Celtic

Question 14

List two parts of the British Isles that the Romans captured

Answer 14

England and Wales

Question 15

What language did the British Isles use when the Romans took over?

Answer 15

Latin

Question 16

List two Brythonic languages which the modern English language has in it

Answer 16

Celtic and Pictish

Question 17

What caused the Germanic people to come to the UK?

Answer 17

Romans departure left large UK cultural vacuum

Question 18

Name the three tribes of Germanic people

Answer 18

Angles, Saxons and Jutes

Question 19

When was Old English spoken?

Answer 19

Around 5th and 6th century

Question 20

State one difference between Old and Modern English

Answer 20

Phonology

Question 21

List three examples of languages that Old English stole from

Answer 21

Old French, Norse and Danish

Question 22

Who invented Middle English and where was it first used?

Answer 22

Geoffrey Chaucer in his work “The Canterbury Tales”

Question 23

Name a language that began to creep from religious sources and remained a language of power in the Catholic Church

Answer 23

Latin

Question 24

Explain whether English or French survived as a language

Answer 24

English triumphed as language of England but the French lexis changed English

Question 25

Define “Early Modern English”

Answer 25

A well documented language of Shakespeare marked by some standardising spellings

Question 26

When was the Renaissance period and what was so significant about it?

Answer 26

Late 13th/ early 14th century, a period where forgotten texts covering all subjects were found

Question 27

Besides the British Isles, name a continent that adopted English as their dialect

Answer 27

East coast of North America

Question 28

What officially established the standardising of spelling and why was this historically significant?

Answer 28

An introduction to printing presses brought down price of publishing books and letters massively

Question 29

List six external forces that continued to mould Modern English, where it was marked by standardisation from 1750

Answer 29

Development of international trade, development of British Empire, industrial British supremacy, World Wars in 20th century, burgeoning technology and influence of American English

Question 30

Define “Coinages & Neologisms”

Answer 30

Words created from scratch, often to do with technology