Global Englishes Flashcards
Whinnom
“Chinese Pidgin English is virtually dead”
Platt
“There is attention to English politically in Singapore and Malaysia”
Kachru
“Non native Englishes create legacy of colonial period and have developed in non English contexts”
Canton
“Britain established first trading post of pidgins in Guangzhou in 1644”
Paddock
“Canada displays language from nautical slave trade”
Dillard
“Coastal associations of pidgin English in multilingual settings have long been recognised”
Reinecke
“There is immediate creation of a pidgin in contact situations”
Siegel & Jourdan
“Children and adults with no knowledge of Pijin acquired high fluency in Honiara”
Sandefur
“Kriol is of more local interest since it is comprehensively described linguistically”
Todd
“Pidgins are important to multi lingual settings as they can be classified as restricted and extended”
Ikilama
“Nigeria’s multi lingual setting has enhanced growth of pidgins and creoles”
Troy
“Aboriginal people involved in pastoral industry spread pidgins across internationally”
How many native speakers and people who use it as a second language speak English?
400 million
Define “Bilingual”
Speakers that have a broad vocabulary in multiple different languages
Define “Lingua Franca”
Common language used to facilitate global relations such as trade, commerce, industry, science, art etc.
Which language in the 17th and 18th century was considered the main “lingua franca” before English?
French
When England colonised the New World, what two things did they do?
They colonised a large southern landmass and annexed huge world portions
Which country became a superpower and compensated for the UK’s decline after World War 2?
USA
Define “Hard Power”
Militaristic features (army factors)
Define “Soft Power”
Cultural influence that is harder to measure (trust in diplomats)
Define “Pidgin”
Localised lingua franca that derives from a need to communicate between people of different languages
Define “Creole”
A pidgin learnt as a first language by babies
What is the history of Jamaican patois?
Slaves from Jamaica and West Africa tried to imitate English speaking slave masters under harsh conditions
What two things did Jamaican patois had to do in order to be a creole language?
Be more complex and sufficient
What are people’s attitudes towards pidgins?
Usually seen as unimportant and lacking prestige
What are people’s attitudes towards creoles?
Better than pidgins, but aren’t proper since they have no body of literature
What three other languages feed into Multicultural London English?
Indian, Pakistani and Chinese
What caused Jamaican patois to weave its way into urban areas in the UK?
Influx of immigration from Caribbean
What year did Jamaican patois become popular in the UK?
1960s
What three things did West African languages provide Jamaican patois with?
Vocabulary, grammar and phonology
