Global Englishes

Question 1

Whinnom

Answer 1

“Chinese Pidgin English is virtually dead”

Question 2

Platt

Answer 2

“There is attention to English politically in Singapore and Malaysia”

Question 3

Kachru

Answer 3

“Non native Englishes create legacy of colonial period and have developed in non English contexts”

Question 4

Canton

Answer 4

“Britain established first trading post of pidgins in Guangzhou in 1644”

Question 5

Paddock

Answer 5

“Canada displays language from nautical slave trade”

Question 6

Dillard

Answer 6

“Coastal associations of pidgin English in multilingual settings have long been recognised”

Question 7

Reinecke

Answer 7

“There is immediate creation of a pidgin in contact situations”

Question 8

Siegel & Jourdan

Answer 8

“Children and adults with no knowledge of Pijin acquired high fluency in Honiara”

Question 9

Sandefur

Answer 9

“Kriol is of more local interest since it is comprehensively described linguistically”

Question 10

Todd

Answer 10

“Pidgins are important to multi lingual settings as they can be classified as restricted and extended”

Question 11

Ikilama

Answer 11

“Nigeria’s multi lingual setting has enhanced growth of pidgins and creoles”

Question 12

Troy

Answer 12

“Aboriginal people involved in pastoral industry spread pidgins across internationally”

Question 13

How many native speakers and people who use it as a second language speak English?

Answer 13

400 million

Question 14

Define “Bilingual”

Answer 14

Speakers that have a broad vocabulary in multiple different languages

Question 15

Define “Lingua Franca”

Answer 15

Common language used to facilitate global relations such as trade, commerce, industry, science, art etc.

Question 16

Which language in the 17th and 18th century was considered the main “lingua franca” before English?

Answer 16

French

Question 17

When England colonised the New World, what two things did they do?

Answer 17

They colonised a large southern landmass and annexed huge world portions

Question 18

Which country became a superpower and compensated for the UK’s decline after World War 2?

Answer 18

USA

Question 19

Define “Hard Power”

Answer 19

Militaristic features (army factors)

Question 20

Define “Soft Power”

Answer 20

Cultural influence that is harder to measure (trust in diplomats)

Question 21

Define “Pidgin”

Answer 21

Localised lingua franca that derives from a need to communicate between people of different languages

Question 22

Define “Creole”

Answer 22

A pidgin learnt as a first language by babies

Question 23

What is the history of Jamaican patois?

Answer 23

Slaves from Jamaica and West Africa tried to imitate English speaking slave masters under harsh conditions

Question 24

What two things did Jamaican patois had to do in order to be a creole language?

Answer 24

Be more complex and sufficient

Question 25

What are people’s attitudes towards pidgins?

Answer 25

Usually seen as unimportant and lacking prestige

Question 26

What are people’s attitudes towards creoles?

Answer 26

Better than pidgins, but aren’t proper since they have no body of literature

Question 27

What three other languages feed into Multicultural London English?

Answer 27

Indian, Pakistani and Chinese

Question 28

What caused Jamaican patois to weave its way into urban areas in the UK?

Answer 28

Influx of immigration from Caribbean

Question 29

What year did Jamaican patois become popular in the UK?

Answer 29

1960s

Question 30

What three things did West African languages provide Jamaican patois with?

Answer 30

Vocabulary, grammar and phonology