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AQA History ELIZABETHAN > Historic environment ; Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire > Flashcards

Historic environment ; Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four factors?

A

extreme wealth
sign of changing times
new fashions, technologies and designs
powerful individual

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2
Q

What are the factors of extreme wealth?

A

tapestries
carpets
marble work
staircase

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3
Q

What are the factors of new fashions, designs and technologies?

A

lead
staircase
Italian Renaissance

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4
Q

What are the factors of powerful individual?

A

portraits
approach
layout
Great Hall

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5
Q

What was the preference of design in the Elizabethan era?

A

symmetry

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6
Q

How were Great Halls changed?

A

more practical
warmer
fireplaces - less smoky

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7
Q

What became less fashionable during the Elizabethan era?

A

internal courtyard

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8
Q

What did the external courtyard at Hardwick Hall mean for the design?

A

double or triple piles

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9
Q

Who was the architect at Hardwick Hall?

A

Robert Smythson

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10
Q

What type of paintings were popular in the Elizabethan era?

A

dynastic paintings

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11
Q

Where were long galleries positioned?

A

top floor

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12
Q

What did the positioning of Long Galleries on the top floor mean?

A

masterly view of geometric gardens

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13
Q

What was used on staircases to make them bigger?

A

timber

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14
Q

How did the use of timber on staircases change them?

A

larger
grander
more open

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15
Q

Why was there increased lead production?

A

technological advancements

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16
Q

How did increased lead production change architecture?

A

double and triple piles

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17
Q

What did the owner use the Great Hall for?

A

public life

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18
Q

What was new about gardens?

A

substantial
relaxing

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19
Q

How did a household reflect the Divine plan?

A

social codes
divisions of space

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20
Q

Why was the entrance hall large?

A

impress visitors with size

21
Q

What did cultivated gardens include?

A

aviaries
fishponds
streams
artificial lakes
orchards

22
Q

How was the house layed out?

A

processional route

23
Q

What decorated the walls?

A

tapestries
panelling

24
Q

What was used throughout the house to show legacy?

A

heraldry

25
Q

Who did Bess have portraits of?

A

Queen
family
herslef

26
Q

Who was an Italian architect?

A

Sebastian Serlio

27
Q

How did Bess incorporate court tastes?

A

deeply allusive and metaphorical imagery

28
Q

Where did Bess have portraits of Queen and family?

A

Lower Great Chamber

29
Q

Where was marble used on the house?

A

chimney

30
Q

Where were the best rooms located?

A

top floor

31
Q

How did Hardwick Hall ensure symmetry in the windows?

A

internal chimney flues

32
Q

What was Bess’ title?

A

Countess of Shrewsbury

33
Q

What part of Bess’ estate produced the lead and glass?

A

Wingfield

34
Q

What were the shapes of rooves like?

A

M shaped
V shaped

35
Q

How much had lead production increased by in 1600?

A

ten times more than 1570

36
Q

Why was it a changing times?

A

end of feudal era
internal rebellions
Golden Age
rise of gentry

37
Q

What style was shown at Hardwick Hall?

A

Flemish style

38
Q

Where was Flemish style shown at Hardwick Hall?

A

roof features

39
Q

What did the gentry aim to do?

A

secure their legacy

40
Q

Who was the marble worker?

A

Thomas Accres

41
Q

What influence did Thomas Accres have?

A

Dutch fashion and design

42
Q

Who was the plasterer?

A

Abraham Smith

43
Q

Who was the painter?

A

John Ballechouse

44
Q

What influence did John Ballechouse have?

A

French, Italian Renaissance

45
Q

Where had Robert Smythson worked before?

A

Longleat
Wollaton

46
Q

Give examples of tapestries at Hardwick Hall

A

Gideon tapestries
Noble Women tapestries

47
Q

Give examples of tapestries at Hardwick Hall

A

Gideon tapestries
Noble Women tapestries

48
Q

Who did Bess by the Gideon tapestries from?

A

Christopher Hatton
- replaced Hatton crests

49
Q

Who did Bess by the Gideon tapestries from?

A

Christopher Hatton
- replaced Hatton crests

AQA History ELIZABETHAN (4 decks)

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