Historic environment ; Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire Flashcards
What are the four factors?
extreme wealth
sign of changing times
new fashions, technologies and designs
powerful individual
What are the factors of extreme wealth?
tapestries
carpets
marble work
staircase
What are the factors of new fashions, designs and technologies?
lead
staircase
Italian Renaissance
What are the factors of powerful individual?
portraits
approach
layout
Great Hall
What was the preference of design in the Elizabethan era?
symmetry
How were Great Halls changed?
more practical
warmer
fireplaces - less smoky
What became less fashionable during the Elizabethan era?
internal courtyard
What did the external courtyard at Hardwick Hall mean for the design?
double or triple piles
Who was the architect at Hardwick Hall?
Robert Smythson
What type of paintings were popular in the Elizabethan era?
dynastic paintings
Where were long galleries positioned?
top floor
What did the positioning of Long Galleries on the top floor mean?
masterly view of geometric gardens
What was used on staircases to make them bigger?
timber
How did the use of timber on staircases change them?
larger
grander
more open
Why was there increased lead production?
technological advancements
How did increased lead production change architecture?
double and triple piles
What did the owner use the Great Hall for?
public life
What was new about gardens?
substantial
relaxing
How did a household reflect the Divine plan?
social codes
divisions of space
Why was the entrance hall large?
impress visitors with size
What did cultivated gardens include?
aviaries
fishponds
streams
artificial lakes
orchards
How was the house layed out?
processional route
What decorated the walls?
tapestries
panelling
What was used throughout the house to show legacy?
heraldry
Who did Bess have portraits of?
Queen
family
herslef
Who was an Italian architect?
Sebastian Serlio
How did Bess incorporate court tastes?
deeply allusive and metaphorical imagery
Where did Bess have portraits of Queen and family?
Lower Great Chamber
Where was marble used on the house?
chimney
Where were the best rooms located?
top floor
How did Hardwick Hall ensure symmetry in the windows?
internal chimney flues
What was Bess’ title?
Countess of Shrewsbury
What part of Bess’ estate produced the lead and glass?
Wingfield
What were the shapes of rooves like?
M shaped
V shaped
How much had lead production increased by in 1600?
ten times more than 1570
Why was it a changing times?
end of feudal era
internal rebellions
Golden Age
rise of gentry
What style was shown at Hardwick Hall?
Flemish style
Where was Flemish style shown at Hardwick Hall?
roof features
What did the gentry aim to do?
secure their legacy
Who was the marble worker?
Thomas Accres
What influence did Thomas Accres have?
Dutch fashion and design
Who was the plasterer?
Abraham Smith
Who was the painter?
John Ballechouse
What influence did John Ballechouse have?
French, Italian Renaissance
Where had Robert Smythson worked before?
Longleat
Wollaton
Give examples of tapestries at Hardwick Hall
Gideon tapestries
Noble Women tapestries
Give examples of tapestries at Hardwick Hall
Gideon tapestries
Noble Women tapestries
Who did Bess by the Gideon tapestries from?
Christopher Hatton
- replaced Hatton crests
Who did Bess by the Gideon tapestries from?
Christopher Hatton
- replaced Hatton crests
