Histology - tissues

Question 1

what are the 4 primary tissue types

Answer 1

epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

Question 2

what is the difference between epithelial and connective tissue

Answer 2

epithelial:
- lotta cells packed together with barely any extracellular matrix around em

connective:
- few scattered cells surrounded by lotta extracellular matrix

Question 3

how are tissues classfied

Answer 3

structure
function
extracellular matrix

Question 4

what are epithelial tissues?

Answer 4

tissues that provide a protective covering of surfaces inside and outside of the body, also forms glands

Question 5

has 3 different types of surfaces

Answer 5

free / apical
- lines the inside of cavities of tube or duct

basal
- attached to basement memebrane

lateral
- sides of the cells

Question 6

are epithelial cells vascular or avascular?

Answer 6

avascular b/c they dont have direct blood supply

Question 7

what is the basement membrane

Answer 7

it holds all of the cells together
extracellular structure that holds cells together and is formed by secretions in epithelium and connective tissue

Question 8

are epithelial tissues regenerative

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

what are some functions of the epithelia

Answer 9

• protecting underlying struture (lining mouth)
• acting as barriers (skin)
• permitting passage of substances - filter toxins
  secreting substances - pancreas
  absorbing stuff - lining of small intestine

Question 10

what do microvilli do?

Answer 10

increase SA for abs absorption or secretion
- are stationary

Question 11

what do cilia do?

Answer 11

move materials across cell surface
- can move - wave like action

Question 12

classification of epithelium

Answer 12

number number of layers of cells

shape of cell on apical surface

Question 13

number of cell layers

Answer 13

simple = one layer
stratified = more then one layer
pseudostratisfied = appear stratified by all connected to basement membrane

Question 14

shape of cells

Answer 14

squamous = flat scale like
cuboidal = cube like
columnar = taller then wide

Question 15

functional characteristics of simple cells

Answer 15

allows diffusion of gases, filtration of blood, secretion and absorption

Question 16

functional characteristics of stratified cells

Answer 16

protection, particularly against abrasion

Question 17

functional characteristics of pseudostratified cells

Answer 17

modification of simple, secrete and mucous

Question 18

squamous

Answer 18

diffusion and acts as filters

Question 19

cuboidal and columnar

Answer 19

secretion or absorption. may include goblet cells

Question 20

what do goblet cells do

Answer 20

produce and secrete mucus

Question 21

what are keratinized cells

Answer 21

outer layer of cells is made up of dead cells that contain keratin

• helps make cells durable and moisture resistant
• skin

Question 22

what are non-keratinized cells

Answer 22

outer layer of cells are alive and have a fluid covering to it and is moist
- mouth

Question 23

describe a simple squamous epithelium

Answer 23

• simple layer of flat cells
• in lines blood vessels (endothelium), alveoli of lungs
• diffusion, filtration, secretion

Question 24

simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 24

• single layer of cube cells
• in kidney tubule, glands and ducts, surface of ovaries
• secretion and absorption

Question 25

simple columnar epithelium

Answer 25

• single layer of columnar cells
• in glands, uterus, uterine tubes, stomach, gallbadder, bronchioles and ventricles of brain
• moves particles out o bronchoiced, helps oocyte move through uterine tube by ciliated cells, absorption by cells in the stomach, secretion by glands in stomach

Question 26

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Answer 26

• mostly ciliated with goblet cells
• linings upper respiratory tract (ciliated) and male urethra and epididymis (non-ciliated)