Histology of nervous system

Question 1

3 general categories of neuron

Answer 1

Sensory neuron
Motor neuron
Interneurons

Question 2

What are the interneurons

Answer 2

form communicating and integrative network between sensory and motor neuron

Question 3

3 classification of neurons

Answer 3

multipolar
Bipolar
Pseudounipolar

Question 4

What are multipolar neurons

Answer 4

one axon and two or more dendrites

Direction of impulse is from densrite to axon or from cell body to axon

Question 5

What are pseudounipolar neurons

Answer 5

Have one process
Axon that divides close to the cell body into two long axonal branches
Majority are sensory neurons

Question 6

How do cell bodies look under microscope

Answer 6

Prominant nucleolus

Surrounded by darkly stained Nissl bodies

Question 7

How to identify axons

Answer 7

connected to cell body by axon hillock

Question 8

Role of the schwann cells

Answer 8

Produce the myelin sheath that surrounds axons
Support myelinated and unmyelinated nerve cell fibres
Aid in removing PNS debris and guide the regrowth of PNS

Question 9

How to identify satellite cells in neurons

Answer 9

Small, cuboidal cells that surround neuronal cell bodies of ganglia

Question 10

Function of satellite cells

Answer 10

Hepl to establish and maintain a controlled microenviroment around neuronal body in the ganglion
Provide electrical insulation and a pathway for metabolic exchange

Question 11

What are astrocytes

Answer 11

Largest neuroglial cell
Form network of cells within the CNS and communicate to support and modulate many of their activities
Help in movement of metabolites and wates to and from neurons
Also maintain capillary junctions that form BBB

Question 12

Two types of astrocytes

Answer 12

Protoplasmic astrocytes - more prevalent in the gray matter of the brain; have neurons, short, branching cytoplasmic processes

Fibrous astrocytes - more prevalent in the white matter of the brain; have fewer processes which are relatively straight

Question 13

How do you identify oligodendrocytes in a slide

Answer 13

Appear as small cells with relatively few processes compared with astrocytes; often aligned in rows between axons; give off several tongue-like processes that make contact with nearby axons

Question 14

Three layers of grey matter of the cerebellum

Answer 14

Molecular layer
Purkinje cell layer
Granular layer

Question 15

How to identify the 3 layers of the grey matter of cerebellum

Answer 15

Molecular - outermost layer
Purkinje - contains large Purkinje neurons, which spaces in between each neuron
Granular - contains loads of small neurons with darkly stained nucleuses