Histology of Kidney & Ureters Flashcards
fibroblasts, collagen and myofibroblasts are found in which layer of the kidney
Capsule
Each nephron plus a collecting duct is called a _____
Uriniferous tubule
Each pyramid, its associated cortical tissue, and a half of each adjacent renal column is called a ______
Kidney lobe
A collecting duct (in a medullary ray) and the nephrons that it drains is called a _____
Kidney lobule
Two main components of a renal corpuscle
Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule
Modified cells in the visceral layer of the Bowman’s capsule
Podocytes
Cell type found in the parietal layer of the Bowman’s capsule
Simple squamous
True or False:
glomerular capillaries are not fenestrated
False.
They contain fenestrations with no diaphragms
The foot processes of podocytes are also called _____
Pedicels
Filtration slits between adjacent pedicels are know as ____
slit diaphragms
Glomerular filtration increases when there is a mutation in the nephrin gene - why?
Nephrin is a protein that makes slit diaphragms so if there are less diaphragms there will be more filtration
A defect in Type IV collagen would affect which structure in the glomerular apparatus
Glomerular basement membrane
remember Type IV collagen is always found in basement membranes
Which layer of the glomerular basement membrane supports the podocytes
lamina rara externa
Which layer of the glomerular basement membrane is under the endothelium
lamina rara interna
What is the name of the middle layer of the glomerular basement membrane
lamina densa
Glomerular filtration increases when podocytes become injured- why?
Less podocytes would allow for more protein to pass through the membrane, leading to increased filtration
Which cell type of the kidney is needed for phagocytosis, cell repair and change in diameter of glomerular capillarie
Intraglomerular mesangial cells
Cells located outside the corpuscle along the vascular pole
Extraglomerular mesangial cells (Lacis cells)
Which part of the kidney has cuboidal cells, brush border with long, closely paced microvilli, junctional complexes and vertical mitochondria
Proximal convoluted tubule
Uromodulin is secreted from the epithelium of which structure in the kidney
Loop of Henle
Another name for Uromodulin
(Tamm-Horsfall protein
What is the mechanism by which uromodulin prevents kidney stones
It inhibits the aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals
Which part of the Loop of Henle contains aquaporin channels
thin descending segment
Which part of the Loop of Henle is impermeable to water but reabsorbs salts
thin ascending segment
