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My Renal > Anatomy of Bladder and Urethra > Flashcards

Anatomy of Bladder and Urethra Flashcards

1
Q

The urinary bladder is posterior to which structure

A

pubic symphysis

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2
Q

What are the 3 orifices of the bladder

A

2 ureteral

1 urethral

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3
Q

What is the name of the smooth muscle of the bladder

A

detrusor muscle

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4
Q

the neck of the bladder is continuous with which structure

A

Urethra

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5
Q

Which structure is at the apex of the bladder

A

median umbilical ligament

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6
Q

the remnant of which embryological structure is found at the apex of the bladder

A

Allantois

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7
Q

Which surface of the bladder is covered by peritoneum

A

superior surface

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8
Q

As the bladder fills in which direction does it expand?

A

superiorly into extraperitoneal fatty tissue of the anterior abdominal wall

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9
Q

In males, the neck of bladder rests on which structure

A

the prostate

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10
Q

In females, the neck of bladder rests on which structure

A

urogenital diaphragm

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11
Q

In males, which structures lie posterior to the bladder

A

rectovesical pouch, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, rectovesical fascia and rectum

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12
Q

In females, which structures lie posterior to the bladder

A

supravaginal part of cervix

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13
Q

Which structure is lateral to the bladder

A

obturator internus muscle above levator ani muscle

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14
Q

In females, which structure is superior to the bladder

A

uterovesical pouch and body of uterus

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15
Q

What are the urinary bladder ligaments in males

A

Median umbilical ligament

Puboprostatic ligaments

A pair of lateral ligaments

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16
Q

What are the urinary bladder ligaments in females

A

Median umbilical ligament

pubovesical ligaments

A pair of lateral ligaments

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17
Q

Which ligament extends from the bladder neck to the symphysis pubis

A

The Puboprostatic/ pubovesical ligaments

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18
Q

Which ligament extends as a sheet from the inferolateral surface of the bladder to the tendinous arch of pelvic fascia

A

lateral ligaments

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19
Q

Which artery supplies the anterosuperior part urinary bladder

A

Superior Vesical Arteries

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20
Q

Arteries that supply the bladder are branches of which main artery

A

Internal iliac arteries

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21
Q

In males, the fundus and neck of the bladder are supplied by which arteries

A

Inferior vesical arteries

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22
Q

In females, the posterior inferior part of the bladder are supplied by which arteries

A

vaginal arteries

23
Q

In males, the vesical venous plexus is continuous with which plexus?

A

prostatic venous plexus

24
Q

Which lymph nodes drain the superior part of the bladder

A

external iliac

25
Q

Which lymph nodes drain theinferior part of the bladder

A

internal iliac

26
Q

What is the parasympathetic nerve supply of the bladder

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2,S3 and S4)

27
Q

Which nerve supply is motor to the detrusor muscle, and relaxation of the internal urethral sphincter

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2,S3 and S4)

28
Q

Which nerve supply facilitates micturition

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2,S3 and S4)

29
Q

Which nerve supply inhibits micturition

A

Sympathetic: T11- L2 or L3 vesical (pelvic) plexus through hypogastric plexus

30
Q

Which nerve causes contraction of internal sphincter, ejaculation of semen in and prevent reflux of semen into bladder

A

Sympathetic: T11- L2 or L3 vesical (pelvic) plexus through hypogastric plexus

31
Q

The hypogastric plexus contain _______ (sympathetic/parasympathetic) nerve fibers

A

Sympathetic

32
Q

Which nerve controls the external urethral sphincter

A

Pudendal nerve

33
Q

Clinical importance of a cystoscopy

A

Observation of interior of the urinary bladder and the 3 orifices

34
Q

If urine is present in the peritoneal cavity, which surface of the bladder has ruptured?

A

Superior surface (an intraperitoneal rupture)

35
Q

If urine is present between the peritoneum and anterior abdominal wall, what kind of rupture has occurred?

A

Extraperitoneal rupture

36
Q

What are the 3 portions of the male urethra?

A

prostatic portion

membranous portion

penile/spongy portion

37
Q

Which portion of the male urethra is the widest and most dilatable portion of urethra

A

Prostatic portion of urethra

38
Q

Which portion of the male urethra lies in urogenital diaphragm and is the shortest and least dilatable portion

A

Membranous urethra

39
Q

Which portion of the male urethra is surrounded by corpus spongiosum

A

Penile /spongy urethra

40
Q

Which glands open into the penile portion of the urethra

A

Bulbourethral glands

41
Q

What is the arterial supply of the make urethra

A

inferior vesicle, middle rectal and internal pudendal

42
Q

Which portions of the male urethra drain into internal and external iliac nodes

A

Prostatic and membranous

43
Q

Which portions of the male urethra drain into deep inguinal and sometimes drain into external iliac nodes

A

Spongy portion

44
Q

Which feature of the female urethra predisposes women to and increased risk of UTI

A

Length, it is shorter than the ale urethra

45
Q

Which glands in females open via common para-urethral ducts on either side of the external urethral orifice

A

Urethral glands

46
Q

Which arteries supply the female urethra

A

Internal pudendal, vaginal arteries

47
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the female lymph nodes

A

Sacral, internal iliac and few into inguinal lymph nodes

48
Q

Which urethral sphincter is voluntarily controlled

A

external sphincter

49
Q

Which muscle is a part of the internal urethral sphincter

A

detrusor muscle

50
Q

Weakness in which urethral sphincter results in urinary incontinence

A

external sphincter

51
Q

What kind f injury could lead to fluid passing superiorly through the urogenital hiatus & distribute extraperitoneally around prostate and bladder

A

Fracture of pelvic girdle: leading to rupture of intermediate part of urethra

52
Q

The hypogastric plexus prevents semen from entering the bladder during ejaculation by _______ (para/sympathetic) control of the _______ (internal/external) sphincter

A

Sympathetic control

Internal sphincter

53
Q

What are the three orifices that can be viewed during a cyctoscopy

A

2 ureteric orifices and 1 urethral orifice

My Renal (9 decks)

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