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MSK: Gross Anatomy Exam 1 > Histology: Epithelium > Flashcards

Histology: Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 6 basic characteristics of epithelial tissue?

A

Cellularity

Polarity

Attachement

Avascular

Innervation

Regeneration

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2
Q

Epithelial Polarity:

What is the basal domain?

A

Rests on the basal lamina, anchors cell to underlying connective tissue

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3
Q

Epithelial Polarity:

What is the apical domain?

A

Directed toward the exterior

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4
Q

Epithelial Polarity:

What is the Lateral domain?

A

Communicates with adjacent cells

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5
Q

What are the (4) types of apical specializations?

A
  1. Cilia
  2. Flagella
  3. Microvili
  4. Stereocilia
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6
Q

What are microvili?

A

-Correlate to absorptive capacity

-Actin based

-Can be up to 100k on single cell

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7
Q

What are stereocilia/stereovilli?

A
  • Unusually long and immotile
  • Actin core
  • ONLY IN: epididymis and sensory cells of inner ear
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8
Q

What are cilia?

Describe the 3 subcategories

A
  • Microtubule based
    1. Motile: wave-like fashion, remove debris
    2. Primary: immotile, chemosensors, osmosensors, mechanosensors
    3. Nodal: embryonic
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9
Q

What are flagella?

A
  • Motile cilia
  • Provides forward movement for sperm cell
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10
Q

Intercellular Junctions:

What are occluding junctions?

A
  • Impermeable
  • Near most apical surface
  • More junctions=lower permeability

*OCCLUDINS, CLAUDINS

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11
Q

Intercellular Junctions:

What are anchoring junctions?

A

2 types:

  1. Zonula Adherens: interacts w/ actin
  2. Maculae Adherens: (Desmosomes) interacts with intermediate filaments
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12
Q

Intercellular Junctions:

What are gap junctions?

A
  • Communication
  • *connexin aggregates
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13
Q

Intercellular Junctions:

What are focal adhesions?

A

Anchor actin filaments to basement membrane

*use INTEGRINS

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14
Q

Intercellular Junctions:

What are hemidesmosomes?

A

-Anchor intermediate filaments to basement membrane

*use INTEGRINS

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15
Q

Multiple layers in epithelia is named?

A

Stratified

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16
Q

Single layer of epithelium named?

A

Simple epithelium

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17
Q

Epithelium classified by shapes:

What are the classifications (3)?

A
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18
Q

Table of classificaiton of epithelia:

A
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19
Q

Identify this:

A

Simple Squamous Epithelium

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20
Q

Where are simple squamous cells found?

A

Lining of blood and lymphatic vesseles

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21
Q

What is the function of simple squamous cells?

A

Exchange, barrier and lubrication

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22
Q

What is this?

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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23
Q

Simple squamous:

Where found in endothelium?

A

lining of serous membranes

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24
Q

Simple squamous:

Where found in mesothelium?

A

Lining alveoli in lungs

Loop of henle in kidney

25
Q

What are these?

A

Simple cuboidal cells

26
Q

Function of simple cuboidal?

A

Absorption, barrier, secretion

27
Q

Location of simple cuboidal?

A

Kidney tubules

Glands

Ducts

Terminal bronchioles

Ovary

28
Q

Where are simple columnar cells found?

A

Auditory tubes

Uterus

Oviducts

Stomach

SI/LI

Gallbladder

29
Q

What is the function of simple columnar?

A

Absorption

Secretion

30
Q

What is this?

A

Simple columnar cells

31
Q

Where are pseudostratified columnar ciliated cells located?

A

Lining of nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi

32
Q

What is the function of pseudostratified columnar ciliated?

A

Absorption and secretion of debris and particulate movement

33
Q

What layer has goblet cells associated with it?

A

Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated

34
Q

Where is urothelium found?

A

Bladder

Ureters

Urethra

35
Q

What is the function of urothelium?

A

Barrier

Distensible property

36
Q

What is this?

A

Urothelium

37
Q

Where are nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Oral cavity

Portions of pharynx

Esophagus

Anus

Vagina

Urethra

Cornea

38
Q

What is the function of nonkeratinized stratified squamous cells?

A

Barrier and protection

39
Q

What is this?

A

Nonkeratinized Stratified Squamous

40
Q

Where are keratinized stratified squamous cells?

A

Epidermis of the skin

41
Q

What is the function of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Barrier and protection

42
Q

What is this?

A

Keratinized Stratified squamous

43
Q

What is a distinguishing identifier for keratinized stratified squamous?

A

Apical layer of cells do NOT HAVE NUCLEI

44
Q

Where are stratified cuboidal cells?

A

Sweat glands

Ducts

Ovarian follicles

Salivary gland ducts

45
Q

What is the function of stratified cuboidal epithelium?

A

Barrier and passageway

46
Q

What is this?

A

Stratified cuboidal

47
Q

What is the basement membrane?

A

Specialized sheet of extracellular material

Selective barrier b/w tissues permits diffusion of nutrients

48
Q

What are mucous membranes?

A

Epithelial tissue tha secretes mucus

*lines body cavities and tubular organs

GUT and RESPIRATORY passages

49
Q

What are serous membranes?

A

Epithelial tissue that lines specific internal cavities of the body

Mesothelium: simple squamous epithelium that comprise part of a serous membrane

50
Q

What do glands do?

A

Secrete mucus, hormones, enzymes and wastes

51
Q

What are the three types of glands we are focusing on?

A
  • Merocrine gland
  • Holocrine gland
  • Apocrine gland
52
Q

Describe the actions of the following glands:

53
Q

What is an example of a unicellular gland?

A

Goblet cell:

Mucus secreting cell found lining the intestines and respiratory tract

54
Q

Multicellular Glands:

Secretory cells are either ______ or _______

A

Mucus; Serous cells

55
Q

Serous acini stain…

A

DARK because it’s water based

56
Q

Mucous acini stain…

57
Q

Descibe the two aspects of a multicellular gland:

58
Q

Be aware of these

59
Q

Be aware of this

MSK: Gross Anatomy Exam 1 (12 decks)

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