Histology: Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

The basic dye in staining It binds to acids or bases? Oxidation turns it into

Answer 1

Hematoxylin acids (which are basophilic) hematein

Question 2

Hematein (oxidized form of hematoxylin) makes structures that it binds to what color? What structures does it stain this color?

Answer 2

Dark blue/purple DNA, RNA, nuclei, ribosomes, GAGs

Question 3

This is the acidic dye which bonds to bases It makes structures what color? What types of structures does it bind to?

Answer 3

Eosin Pink Proteins, collagen fibers, muscles, cytoplasm

Question 4

Hematoxylin has a _______ charge

Answer 4

Positive

Question 5

Eosin has a ______ charge

Answer 5

Negative

Question 6

This type of tissue consists of polyhedral cells aggregated in sheets. It defines the body surfaces and demarcates outside from inside

Answer 6

Epithelial Tissues

Question 7

Epithelial cells have much/little ECM (extracellular matrix)

Answer 7

Little

Question 8

What parts of the body is epithelial tissue found in?

Answer 8

All surfaces of the body

Question 9

Epithelial tissue is polarized/unpolarized?

Answer 9

Polarized

Question 10

Does epithelial tissue have a basement membrane?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

What forms within epithelial tissues?

Answer 11

Glands

Question 12

Epithelium + lamina = ?

Answer 12

mucosa

Question 13

Epithelial cells comprise more than __% of the cell types in the body

Answer 13

60%

Question 14

If an organism doesn’t have epithelial cells, it can’t be what type of organism?

Answer 14

multicellular

Question 15

Most diseases originate in this tissue type of involve a breach in this tissue barrier What process does this often cause? It means epithelial cells lose their polarity and cell-cell adhesion, gaining migratory and invasive properties to become mesenchymal stem cells

Answer 15

Epithelial Tissues Epithelio-mesenchymal transitions

Question 16

What disease is caused be epithelio-mesenchymal transitions?

Answer 16

Cancer (carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma

Question 17

In addition to separating outside from inside, what other functions does epithelia serve? (4 additional)

Answer 17

Protection, absorption (peptides nutrients, ions), sensations, movement and transport

Question 18

This part of the epithelium separates and attaches epithelium to other tissues

Answer 18

Basement membrane

Question 19

Nerve endings in the skin responsible for sensitivity to vibration and pressure (know the histology)

Answer 19

Pacinian Corpuscle

Question 20

This type of epithelial cell is structural in nature, not meant for transport because it doesn’t have a lot of cytoplasm

Answer 20

Simple Cuboidal

Question 21

This type of epithelial cell has lots of cytoplasm and is good for metabolism (excretion/absorption into/from the lumen)

Answer 21

Simple Columnar

Question 22

This type of epithelial cell is actually attached to the basement membrane even though it sometimes doesn’t appear to be that way Where two places are they commonly found?

Answer 22

Simple Pseudostratified Upper Respiratory Tract and trachea

Question 23

What type of epithelial cells are in the skin that are good for active transport and diffusion of materials? What do they commonly form the lining of?

Answer 23

Simple Squamos Blood vessels

Question 24

Look at diagram for pseudostratified epithelium and know goblet cells, basal cells, epithelial cells, basement membrane, lamina propria, terminal bars, mucua, cilia, etc

Note: There is no such thing as truly stratified columnar

Answer 24

Question 25

This type of epithelium offers protection against mechanical injuries, like in the esophagus

Answer 25

Stratified squamous

Question 26

This type of epithelium is several layers of cells, surface cells are dome shaped. They change shape when there is a lot of material in the organ Commonly found in two places

Answer 26

Transitional Epithelium bladder, urethra

Question 27

This occurs as squamous epithelial cells flatten and lose the nucleus. They accumulate this type of fiber to help against abrasion and more importantly protects against...

Answer 27

Keratization Keratin Water loss

Question 28

Keratinized squamous epithelium is mostly found where...

Answer 28

Epidermis of the skin

Question 29

This type of apical surface makes a 'brush border' to increase surface area, not really motile in nature

Answer 29

Microvilli

Question 30

This composes the core of microvilli, it is connected to the terminal web and cell membrane

Answer 30

Actin

Question 31

What is microvilli good for?

Answer 31

Active transport (gut)

Question 32

This is long microvillia, function not clear. Doesn't increase SA? Has a ____ core

Answer 32

Stereocilia Actin (just long microvilli)

Question 33

This apical surface is a motor structure, allowing for active displacement of material inside the lumen. It is longer than microvilli

Answer 33

Cilia

Question 34

What is the structure of cilia?

Answer 34

9 pairs of microtubules, 2 in microtubules in the middle, like flagella (look at picture

Question 35

Where is cilia commonly found?

Answer 35

Respiratory tract, trachea, uterine tubes

Question 36

Where does the microtubule core of cilia connect to?

Answer 36

Basal bodies (look at comparison slide)

Question 37

These are a mechanoreceptor in epithelial tissues that is responsible for sensitivity to light touch

Answer 37

Meissner's Corpsucle (Tactile Corpsucle)

Question 38

Which type of tissue is this? Where is this type of tissue commonly found? What is its typical function?

Answer 38

**Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium** **Function:** secretion, absorption, lubrication **Location:** lining of trachea, bronchi, nasal cavity, vas deferins of epididymis

Question 39

Which type of tissue is this? Where is this type of tissue commonly found? What is its typical function?

Answer 39

**Simple Columnar Epithelium** **Function:** absorption and secretion, lubrication **Location:** lining of the gastrointestinal system

Question 40

Which type of tissue is this? Where is this type of tissue commonly found? What is its typical function?

Answer 40

**SImple Cuboidal Epithelium** * *Function:** absorption and secretion, protection * *Location:** small ducts of exocrine glands, surface of ovary, kidney tubules, thyroid follicles

Question 41

Which type of tissue is this? Where is this type of tissue commonly found? What is its typical function?

Answer 41

**Stratified Squamous** * *Function:** protection, secretion * *Location:** epidermis (skin), lining of oral cavity, esophagus, vagina \*Note Keratinized cells on top, with no nucleus

Question 42

Which type of tissue is the arrow pointing to? Where is this type of tissue commonly found? What is its typical function?

Answer 42

* *Simple Squamous Epithelial** * *Function:** exchange of materials (gases & nutrients), barrier, filtration **Location:** lining of blood vessels (endothelium), lining of body cavities (mesothelium), lining of respiratory spaces (alveoli) in the lung, Bowman’s capsule in the kidney

Question 43

Which type of tissue is this? Where is this type of tissue commonly found? What is its typical function?

Answer 43

* *Stratified Cuboidal** * *Function:** secretion, absorption * *Location:** sweat glands and ducts, larger ducts of exocrine glands

Question 44

Which type of tissue is this? Where is this type of tissue commonly found? What is its typical function?

Answer 44

**Stratified Columnar Epithelium** * *Function:** secretion, absorption, protection * *Location:** largest ducts of exocrine glands

Question 45

Which type of tissue is this? Where is this type of tissue commonly found? What is its typical function?

Answer 45

* *Transitional Epithelium** * *Function:** ability to distend * *Location:** urethra, bladder

Question 46

Name the objects each arrow is pointing at.

Answer 46

1- Tight Junctions 2- Zonula adherens 3- Macula adherens