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Nuttall's Anatomy > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

memorization/definition

1
Q

Four tissue types?

A

Connective, Epithelial, Muscle, Nervous

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2
Q

Types of muscle tissue? (Hint. 3)

A

Cardiac, Skeletal, Smooth

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3
Q

Difference between types of muscle?

A
  1. Branched/striated(Cardiac)
  2. Striations/linear(Skeletal)
  3. No Striation(Smooth)
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4
Q

Types of Epithelial cells?

A

Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar

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5
Q

What is the area with no tissue on a slide? (Hint. Pure white)

A

Lumen

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6
Q

What side of a Squamous cell faces the Lumen?

A

Apical

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7
Q

What side of the Squamous cell faces connective tissue?

A

Basal

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8
Q

What is the extrasellar material called in Connective Tissue?

A 
Matrix(Network of protein fibers)
Ground Substance(Varying consistency)
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9
Q

What are the main types of Connective tissue?

A
  1. Proper Loose(Areolar, Adipose, Reticular)/Proper Dense(Regular, Irregular, Elastic)
  2. Supporting(Hyaline, Fibro, Elastic) Cartilage/Bone
  3. Fluid(Blood, Lymph)
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10
Q

Name 3 of 6 major CT cell types

A
  1. Fibrocyte,Fibroblast(maintain matrix/Dense CT Proper),
  2. Adipocyte(store fat/Loose CT Proper),
  3. Erythrocyte(red blood cell/Blood Fluid CT)
  4. Leukocyte(white blood cell/Lymph Fluid CT, 5.Osteocyte(Bone/Supporting CT)
  5. Chondrocyte(Supporting CT/Cartilage matrix maintenance.
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11
Q

What is Epithelial tissues role?

A

Outer Membrane/ Lining of hollow organs/Glands

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12
Q

What are the types of Nervous cells?

A

Neurons, Glial or neuroglial

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13
Q

Flat continuous multi-cellular sheet that covers or lines a body part

A

Membrane

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14
Q

What are the membrane types (Hint. 3)

A

Mucous, Serous, Synovial

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15
Q

Where will you find Mucus membranes?

A

Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary/Lines cavities that open to exterior

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16
Q

A ________ membrane lines the inner surfaces of joint cavities?

A

Synovial

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17
Q

______ membrane will line cavities that cavities that do not open to the exterior.

A

Serous

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18
Q

What the 3rd step in the process of tissue healing?

A
  1. Hemostasis
  2. Inflammation(Vasodilatation)
  3. Granulation(Fibroblasts fill matrix allowing for returned blood flow)
  4. maturation(Regeneration)(Fibrosis)
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19
Q

Types of Epithelial cell layers

A

Simple, Stratified, Pseudo-stratified, Transitional

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20
Q

What is a Gland?

A

Structure that will secrete

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21
Q

Endocrine gland will?

A

Secrete directly into surrounding tissue

22
Q

Exocrine gland will?

A

Secrete through a duct (to surface?)

23
Q

What are two of eight structure types of Exocrine glands?

A
  1. Simple Alveolar,
  2. Simple Tubular
  3. Simple Branched alveolar
  4. Simple Branched Tubular
  5. Simple Coiled Tubular
  6. Compound Alveolar
  7. Compound Tubular
  8. Compound Tubuloalveolar
24
Q

What are the secretory gland types?

A

Merocrine(exocytosis through plasma membrane), Apocrine(apical layer pinches off) , Holocrine(ruptures and dies)

25
Q

What stem cell line is associated with connective tissue?

A

Mesenchyme

26
Q

“loose” CT tissues are named?

A

Areolar, Adipose, Reticular

27
Q

“dense” CT fibers are named?

A

Dense Regular, Dense Irregular

28
Q

“elastic” CT cartilage also a supporting CT

A

Elastic Connective Tissue

29
Q

Supporting CT

A
  1. Hyaline Cartilage(nose)
  2. Fibrocartilage(compressible)
  3. Elastic Cartilage(flexible), osseous(bone)
30
Q

What is inferior to the Basil surface

A

Basil Lamina/CT

31
Q

What tissues are in CT Proper

A

Loose CT, Dense CT

32
Q

Types of Fluid CT

A

Blood(erythrocytes)

Lymph(Leukocytes)

33
Q

Where is rRNA manufactured?

A

Nucleolus

34
Q

What part of the cell is Transcription performed?

A

Nucleus

35
Q

What region of the cell can protein synthesis be preformed?

A

Cytoplasm/Rough ER

36
Q

How can a coded DNA strand get from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to undergo transcription?

A

mRNA

37
Q

What is mRNA?

A

A nucleotide molecule of RNA coded copy of DNA genetic information used for protein transcription of genetic information into useful chemical and molecular structures for life

38
Q

Where can lipids be produced?

A

Cytoplasm/Smooth ER

39
Q

What packages final product proteins and other materials in vacuoles and vesicles?

A

Golgi Body(apparatus)

40
Q

How many Plasma membranes surrounds the nucleus?

A

2 Lipid bilayers

41
Q

What is a desmosome, its role, how it works?

A

Anchoring junction of a cell(Cadherins)
Connecting cell walls.
Plaque forms over Intermediate (keratan) filaments

42
Q

How do epithelial cells get nutrients without blood flow?

A

Diffusion, Active transport, Gap Junctions

43
Q

What are Hemidesmosomes?

A

Cell junctions on the Basil Lamina(intigrins)

44
Q

What are Tight cell junctions?

A

Cell junctions without plaque of filaments.(Lateral cell junctions) Can form a selective barrier.

45
Q

A Goblet cell is?

A

Mucus secreting unicellular gland.(Between columnar epithelial cells in the mucus membrane).

46
Q

What are the four membrane types?

A

Cutaneous, Serous, Mucous, Synovial

47
Q

What are the fibers in CT?

A

Collagen(White)
Elastic(Yellow)
Reticular(Netted hold tissue together)

48
Q

What is Mesenchyme?

A

Stem cell line from which all CT is derived

49
Q

What are the Nervous tissue cells

A

Neurons(Dendrites[little wavy arms], Axons [long thin body]

Neuroglia(Cells that help Neurons)

50
Q

Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary

A

Involuntary

Nuttall's Anatomy (12 decks)

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