Histology Flashcards
memorization/definition
Four tissue types?
Connective, Epithelial, Muscle, Nervous
Types of muscle tissue? (Hint. 3)
Cardiac, Skeletal, Smooth
Difference between types of muscle?
- Branched/striated(Cardiac)
- Striations/linear(Skeletal)
- No Striation(Smooth)
Types of Epithelial cells?
Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar
What is the area with no tissue on a slide? (Hint. Pure white)
Lumen
What side of a Squamous cell faces the Lumen?
Apical
What side of the Squamous cell faces connective tissue?
Basal
What is the extrasellar material called in Connective Tissue?
Matrix(Network of protein fibers) Ground Substance(Varying consistency)
What are the main types of Connective tissue?
- Proper Loose(Areolar, Adipose, Reticular)/Proper Dense(Regular, Irregular, Elastic)
- Supporting(Hyaline, Fibro, Elastic) Cartilage/Bone
- Fluid(Blood, Lymph)
Name 3 of 6 major CT cell types
- Fibrocyte,Fibroblast(maintain matrix/Dense CT Proper),
- Adipocyte(store fat/Loose CT Proper),
- Erythrocyte(red blood cell/Blood Fluid CT)
- Leukocyte(white blood cell/Lymph Fluid CT, 5.Osteocyte(Bone/Supporting CT)
- Chondrocyte(Supporting CT/Cartilage matrix maintenance.
What is Epithelial tissues role?
Outer Membrane/ Lining of hollow organs/Glands
What are the types of Nervous cells?
Neurons, Glial or neuroglial
Flat continuous multi-cellular sheet that covers or lines a body part
Membrane
What are the membrane types (Hint. 3)
Mucous, Serous, Synovial
Where will you find Mucus membranes?
Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary/Lines cavities that open to exterior
A ________ membrane lines the inner surfaces of joint cavities?
Synovial
______ membrane will line cavities that cavities that do not open to the exterior.
Serous
What the 3rd step in the process of tissue healing?
- Hemostasis
- Inflammation(Vasodilatation)
- Granulation(Fibroblasts fill matrix allowing for returned blood flow)
- maturation(Regeneration)(Fibrosis)
Types of Epithelial cell layers
Simple, Stratified, Pseudo-stratified, Transitional
What is a Gland?
Structure that will secrete
Endocrine gland will?
Secrete directly into surrounding tissue
Exocrine gland will?
Secrete through a duct (to surface?)
What are two of eight structure types of Exocrine glands?
- Simple Alveolar,
- Simple Tubular
- Simple Branched alveolar
- Simple Branched Tubular
- Simple Coiled Tubular
- Compound Alveolar
- Compound Tubular
- Compound Tubuloalveolar
What are the secretory gland types?
Merocrine(exocytosis through plasma membrane), Apocrine(apical layer pinches off) , Holocrine(ruptures and dies)
What stem cell line is associated with connective tissue?
Mesenchyme
“loose” CT tissues are named?
Areolar, Adipose, Reticular
“dense” CT fibers are named?
Dense Regular, Dense Irregular
“elastic” CT cartilage also a supporting CT
Elastic Connective Tissue
Supporting CT
- Hyaline Cartilage(nose)
- Fibrocartilage(compressible)
- Elastic Cartilage(flexible), osseous(bone)
What is inferior to the Basil surface
Basil Lamina/CT
What tissues are in CT Proper
Loose CT, Dense CT
Types of Fluid CT
Blood(erythrocytes)
Lymph(Leukocytes)
Where is rRNA manufactured?
Nucleolus
What part of the cell is Transcription performed?
Nucleus
What region of the cell can protein synthesis be preformed?
Cytoplasm/Rough ER
How can a coded DNA strand get from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to undergo transcription?
mRNA
What is mRNA?
A nucleotide molecule of RNA coded copy of DNA genetic information used for protein transcription of genetic information into useful chemical and molecular structures for life
Where can lipids be produced?
Cytoplasm/Smooth ER
What packages final product proteins and other materials in vacuoles and vesicles?
Golgi Body(apparatus)
How many Plasma membranes surrounds the nucleus?
2 Lipid bilayers
What is a desmosome, its role, how it works?
Anchoring junction of a cell(Cadherins)
Connecting cell walls.
Plaque forms over Intermediate (keratan) filaments
How do epithelial cells get nutrients without blood flow?
Diffusion, Active transport, Gap Junctions
What are Hemidesmosomes?
Cell junctions on the Basil Lamina(intigrins)
What are Tight cell junctions?
Cell junctions without plaque of filaments.(Lateral cell junctions) Can form a selective barrier.
A Goblet cell is?
Mucus secreting unicellular gland.(Between columnar epithelial cells in the mucus membrane).
What are the four membrane types?
Cutaneous, Serous, Mucous, Synovial
What are the fibers in CT?
Collagen(White)
Elastic(Yellow)
Reticular(Netted hold tissue together)
What is Mesenchyme?
Stem cell line from which all CT is derived
What are the Nervous tissue cells
Neurons(Dendrites[little wavy arms], Axons [long thin body]
Neuroglia(Cells that help Neurons)
Is smooth muscle voluntary or involuntary
Involuntary
