Crainal bones Axial Skeleton Flashcards
memorization
How many bones in the Skull?
29 (22 plus inner 2 sets of 3 inner ear bones, Hyoid) 22+6+1=29
What are the sub category’s of the skull?
Inner ear 6 (3 pairs of bones)
Facial 14 bones
Cranial 8 bones
Hyoid
What are the 8 bones of the Cranium? hint 2 pairs and four single bones.
- Occipital(posterior skull)
2-3. R/L Partial(superior medial skull)sagittal suture
4-5. R/L Temporal(lateral skull)squamous suture - Sphenoid(forms posterior wall of ocular orbit)
- Ethmoid(forms medial wall of ocular orbit)
- Frontal(forms forehead and superior wall of ocular orbit)
What are the facial bones? hint 6 pairs and two single bones
- Mandible(Jaw)
- Vomer(between sphenoid bone posterior to palatine bone inferior view)
3-4. R/L Maxilla(form anterior roof of mouth) Palatine process
5-6. R/L Palatine(form posterior roof of mouth, and horizontal plate)
7-8. R/L Zygomatic(form cheek and inferior lateral ocular orbit)
9-10. Lacrimal(small posterior to the maxilla lateral to nasal)
11-12. R/L Nasal(internasal suture)
13-14. R/L Nasal Concha(form upper chamber of nasal cavity 3 pairs superior, medial, inferior)
What are the names of the ear bones?
Malleus(Hammer), Incus(Anvil), Stapes(stirrup)
How many bones in the Axial Skeleton?
80
What are the sub categories of the Axial skeleton?
Skull (29)
Vertebra (26)
Thoracic cage (25) 24 Ribs 1 Sternum
29+26+25=80
Some flat, all long and short, and most irregular bones will ossify via what type of ossification?
Endochondral
How do Intramembranous and endochondral ossification differ?
Endochondral forms from Hyaline cartilage ossification.
Intramembranous forms within a fibrous membrane from sheets of mesenchymal cells.
What is a Process, and what is its role?
Bump or projection, Attachment to other bone, tendon, or ligament
What is a Trochanter, and what is its role?
Large rough projection, Attachments for tendons and ligaments
What is a tubercle?
Small rounded projection
Where would you find a Crest?
Prominent ridge (iliac crest = superior hip)
What describes a Head?
Prominent rounded articular process
What is a smooth rounded articular process?
Condyle (Occipital condyles articulate with atlas)
A Fossa is?`
A shallow depression
What describes a Sulcus?
A groove
What is a tube shaped canal or passage way?
Meatus
________ is an elongated opening?
Fissure
Foramen?
Round opening for nerves/vessels
What is a cavity within a cranial or facial bone that opens into the nasal cavity?
Sinus
A Neck is?
Narrowing of bone adjacent to the head
What is the thin flat region of the temporal bone found superior to the petrous portion and mastoid process?
Squamous portion
What bones will you find on the squamous suture?
Superior Temporal, Inferior Parietal (lateral view)
What do the Zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the Temporal process of the zygomatic bone come together to form?
Zygomatic arch (lateral view)
The coronal suture connects?
Anterior part of the Parietal bone and the superior part of the Frontal bone
What fissure is found within the Sphenoid bone?
Superior orbital fissure
What are some features of the Temporal bone
Zygomatic process External acoustic meatus (ear hole) Mandibular fossa (connection to mandible) Mastoid process Petrous and squamous portions
What are features of the Sphenoid bone?
Greater wing (foramen rotundum, ovale, spinosum)
Lesser wing
Sella turcica (cup for pituitary)
Pterygoid plates (extending inferior from wings)
Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
What are some features of the Ethmoid bone and where is it located?
Medial orbit wall and superior nasal cavity
Crista galli (helps to stabilize brain)
Cribriform plate (olfactory nerves for smell)
Perpendicular plate (superior nasal septum)
Superior and Middle nasal concha
