Histology

Question 1

tissue lining the oesophagus

Answer 1

stratified squamous epithelium

the oesophagus wall is very folded

Question 2

tissue lining the stomach

Answer 2

simple columnar epithelium

Question 3

Identifying features of stomach histology

Answer 3

gastric pits

gastric glands in the submucosa

Question 4

identifying features of transitional epithelium

Answer 4

multi-layered, tightly adhered, dome shaped cells

Question 5

identifying feature of the ureter

Answer 5

star-shaped lumen

Question 6

identifying renal medulla

Answer 6

less dense than renal cortex (stripy appearance)
lumen of collecting ducts and loops on henle

long thin lumens

Question 7

identifying renal cortex

Answer 7

denser than renal medulla
circular glomeruli surrounded by Bowman’s capsule
convoluted tubule lumens

Question 8

telling the difference between proximal and distal convoluted tubules

Answer 8

proximal = fuzzy due to brush border
distal = clear border

Question 9

Zones of the adrenal gland (from superficial to deep)

• colours and thicknesses of layers

Answer 9

Capsule - very thin
zonal glomerulosa - thin, light pink
zona fasciculata - thick, very pale
zona reticularis - thick, dark pink
Medulla - light pink

Question 10

identifying thyroid

Answer 10

large areas of flat pink colloid
surrounded by...
small dark purple follicular cells
with...
medium sized clear C-cells (secrete calcitonin)

Question 11

what type of cells are thyroid follicular cells?

Answer 11

columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells

Question 12

Identifying parathyroid

Answer 12

clear capsule btw thyroid and parathyroid
large white adipocytes
pale pink oxyphils
dark purple chief cells

Question 13

type of tissue lining the tongue

Answer 13

stratified, squamous, keratinised epithelium

Question 14

identifying the tongue

Answer 14

dark very bumpy surface (due to papillae)

skeletal muscle under surface

Question 15

Identifying spleen

Answer 15

very very dense
dark “white pulp” = lymphoid aggregation
pale “red pulp” = venous sinuses

Question 16

tissue lining the small and large bowel

Answer 16

simple columnar epithelium

Question 17

Identifying small bowel

Answer 17

villi (going in ALL directions) - disordered appearance

Duodenum: pale mucous glands in submucosa (=Brunner’s glands, secrete bicarbonate containing lubricating mucous)

(Paneth cells on villi = secrete immune substances)

Question 18

identifying colon

Answer 18

appearance = more organised than small bowel, crypts go straight down

MANY goblet cells in crypts

Question 19

general histological layers of the bowel

Answer 19

mucosa
basement membrane
submucosa
muscularis externa
serosa

Question 20

Identifying the pancreas

Answer 20

darker staining exocrine portions

paler (endocrine) islets of Langerhans

Question 21

Identifying liver

Answer 21

sheets of hepatocytes converge towards the central vein

sinusoids run between hepatocytes

Question 22

identifying salivary glands

Answer 22

Ducts surrounded by dark serous/ pale mucous cells

= serous/mucous acini