Histology

Question 1

how can u distinguish btw distal & promixal convulated tubule?

Answer 1

Distal has a WIDER lumen! but r smaller in overall diameter!

(lana fee macula densa yabeela mukan)

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

what is this structure?

Answer 3

Renal corpsule:

• Glomerulus
• glomerular capsule (parietal and visceral layer)

glomerular caspsule completely covers the glomerulus ike a basball glove and ball.

Question 4

describe cells of the bowmanns capsule

Answer 4

Bowman’s capsule

Cells of the parietal layer>>simple squamous epithelium.

Cells of the visceral layer>> Podocytes , Small foot-like processes (pedicles) of their cytoplasm form a fenestrated epithelium around the fenestrated capillaries of the glomerulus.

Question 5

The Podocytes (P) attached to the Glomerular capillaries and the mesangial cells (M)

Answer 5

Question 6

Name each one

Answer 6

Pro

Question 7

what is the longest section of the nephron?

Answer 7

proximal tubule

Question 8

what unit of the nephron is this?

what type of epithelium is this?

Answer 8

Proximal!

low columnar epithelium

The brush border enhances reabsorbtion of fluid and solutes from the lumen through or between the cuboidal epithelial cells and into capillaries

Question 9

describe the vasa recta and its funciton

Answer 9

In the outer medulla the Vasa recta form vascular bundles mainly surrounded by thick and thin limbs of the loop of Henle.

predominant in the medulla.

originate from efferent glomerular arterioles which extend to the medulla and return as venous or ascending vessels that drain into the corticomedullary veins.

The vesa recta have a slow blood flow and are responsible for operating a counter current exchange between their plasma and the interstitial fluid.

Question 10

which tubule has brush borders?

distal or proximal or both

Answer 10

only proximal!

Question 11

what epithelium does the collecting duct have? fucntion?

Answer 11

cuboidal epithelium

• prominent plasma membrane borders between the cells.
• These ducts reabsorb water and urea and partly determine urine volume and concentration.
• They are predominately regulated by the Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and also aldosterone.

Question 12

what do the Collecting ducts merge into?

describe its route ending at urethra

Answer 12

Collecting ducts merge and terminate to form papillary ducts of Bellini (B),

Question 13

what is the area cribrosa?

Answer 13

renal papillae

Question 14

describe route of urine from collecting duct onwards…

Answer 14

1. collecting duct> ducts of bellini
2. open sieve like at the area cribosa.
3. The cavity of the minor calyx conveys urine from the papilla to the
4. renal pelvis
5. then urethra.

Question 15

cavity of minor calycx is lined with what epithelium?

Answer 15

transitional!