Histology Flashcards
Histology
Study of tissue
Epithelial tissue:
4 general characteristics
- Covers all body surfaces
- Major tissue of glands
- Reproduce rapidly (vascular underlaying connective tissue)
- Tightly packed
Epithelial tissue structure
One side free or lumen, other side attached to connective tissue by basement membrane.
Simple vs. stratified
Simple: one layer
Stratified: many layers
Squamous vs. cuboidal vs. columnar
Squamous: thin and flat; squished
Cuboidal: cube shaped
Columnar: elongated; column
4 types of tissue
Epithelial
Muscular
Nervous
Connective
Simple squamous
Diffusion and filtration
Air sacs, walls of capillaries, inside blood and lymph vessels
Simple cuboidal
Secretion and absorption
Ovaries kidney gland ducts
Idk
Absorption
Digestive tract
Microvilli and goblet cells
Psuedostratified columnar
Trap and move foreign particles and sex cells
Respiratory and reproductive passage. Ovaduct and trachea
Cilia
Stratified squamous
Keratinized: dry. Skin
Non k: moist. Esophagus, mouth, vagina
Transitional
Changes, squamous and cuboidal depending on stretching
Expandable lining and barrier
Ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Skeletal
Long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells, striations
Voluntary
Cardiac
Branching, striated, uninucleate cells
Involuntary
Smooth
Spindle shaped w central nucleus, no striations, cells arranged closely to form sheets
Propels substances along internal passageways
Involuntary
Walls of hollow organs
Connective tissue
Found everywhere
- Binds body tissue together
- Supports body
- Protection
Connective tissue characteristics (3)
Come from mesenchyme
Variations in blood supply
3 components
-ground substance: h2o, proteins, polysaccharides
-fibers: produced by fibroblasts (collagen, elastic,reticular)
-cells
Areolar
Gel like matrix w all 3 fiber types, cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, some white blood cells
Wraps and cushions organs. IMPORTANT IN INFLAMMATION
packs organs supports capillaries
Adipose
Closely packed, fat cells, some have nucleus pushed to the side
Reserve food fuel. Insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs
Under skin, around kidneys, eyeballs, abdomen, breasts
Reticular
Reticular fibers, regular cells lie on network
Supports other cell types (white, mast, and macrophages)
SPLEEN bone marrow
Dense regular
Parallel collagen fibers, few elastin, fibroblasts
Attaches muscles to bone, muscles to muscles, bone to bone; with stands great force when force applied in one direction
Tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses
Dense irregular the best
Irregularly arranged collagen fibers, some elastic, fibroblasts
Withstand tension exerted in many directions
Dermis of the skin, submucosa of digestive tract, fibrous capsules of organs and joints
Hyaline
Amorphous but firm. Collagen fibers form imperceptible network, chondroblasts produce matrix
Supports and reinforces, cushioning properties
Embryonic skeleton, covers ends of long bones in joint cavities, ribs, nose, trachea, larynx
Elastic
Similar to hyaline but more elastic fibers
Maintains shape of structure w great flexibility
External ear and epiglottis
Fibrocartilage
ICE CREAM SANDWICH
less firm than hyaline, thick collagen fibers
Tensile strength w ability to absorb compressive shock
Intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, knee joint
Bone
Hard. Calcified, lots of collagen, vascularized
Supports and protects, levers for muscles, stores calcium and fat
Blood
Red and white blood cells
Transport respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, ect.
Blood vessels
