Histology Flashcards
Growth factors produced by endothelium
GM-CSF G-CSF M-CSF FGF PDGF
Growth inhibitors produced by endothelium
heparin
TGF-beta
Sequence for relaxation of smooth muscle
- shear stress
- increased synthesis of VEGF
- VEGF induces eNOS
- eNOS produces NO
- NO diffuses to smooth muscle in tunica media
- increased cGMP production
- PKG activation
- decreased intracellular calcium
- relaxation
regulates blood flow to the capillaries
arteriole precapillary sphincter
associated with venules and promote mutual proliferation and survival of themselves and the endothelial cells by synthesizing growth factors
- enclosed in the basal lamina that is continuous with the endothelium
- give rise to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells during embryonic development or angiogenesis
- mesenchymal stem cell
pericytes
name 3 large veins
- superior vena cava
2, inferior vena cava - hepatic portal vein
Why is the great saphenous vein better suited than other veins for use as a graft in CABG?
It contains an unusual amount of smooth muscle
provide direct route between capillaries and veins
- found in skin of fingertips, lips, nose and erectile tissue
- contraction of arteriole sends blood to capillary bed
- relaxation sends blood to venule
- thermoregulation function
AV shunt
Proximal segment of preferential thoroughfares
metarteriole
which layer of blood vessels does not contain fibroblasts?
tunica media
Do fenestrations interrupt basal lamina?
no
Do lymphatic capillaries have basal lamina (basement membrane)?
No! allows for albumin to enter the lumen from the interstitium
Where are the Purkinje fibers located?
subendocardium
makes them more sensitive to hypoxemia
principal cells of the tunica adventitia
fibroblasts and macrophages
