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Histology > Histological Techniques > Flashcards

Histological Techniques Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose for Histological Techniques?

A

-Storing Tissue Samples

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2
Q

What is Formaldehyde?

A

-Preservative

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3
Q

How is preserved tissue sliced?

A

-Thinly

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4
Q

How is a tissue ‘impregnated’ with wax?

A

-Dehydrated first then wax added

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5
Q

Word used to describe changes to tissue?

A

-Artifacts

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6
Q

What happens when dye is added to a tissue?

A
  • Binds to molecules

- Adding dye is called ‘Stains’

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7
Q

Name the two types for Dye. (H&E)

A
  • Haematoxylin
  • Eoisn
  • Have affinity for opposite pH
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8
Q

What happens when Haematoxylin dye is added?

A
  • It is alkaline and has affinity for acidic molecules

- Turns purple/blue

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9
Q

What happens when Eosin is added?

A
  • It is acidic and has affinity for basic (alkaline) molecules
  • Turns pink
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10
Q

Name X4 Basic Tissue Types

A

-Epithelial
-Connective
-Nervous
-Muscle
(MENC)

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11
Q

What are the features of Epithelial Tissue?

A
  • Adhesions-strong bands between tissues and organs
  • Basal lamina- basement membrane
  • Basal Surface
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12
Q

What are the functions of Epithelial Tissue?

A
  • Physical Barrier
  • Chemical Barrier
  • Absorption
  • Secretion
  • Containment
  • Locomotion-movement
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13
Q

What features can classify epithelial tissue?

A
  • Shape
  • Surface
  • No. of layers
  • Specialsed cells
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14
Q

What are X3 shapes of Epithelial Tissue

A
  • Squamous
  • Cuboidal
  • Columnar
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15
Q

What are glands made of?

A

-Epithelial Tissue

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16
Q

Name X2 Types of Glands

A

-Endocrine and Exocrine

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17
Q

Function of Endocrine Glands?

A

-Product is secreted towards Basal end of cell (bottom(

18
Q

Function of Exocrine Glands?

A

-Product is secreted towards the Apical end of cell (top)

19
Q

Name X3 Types of Connective Tissue

A

-Soft
-Hard
-Blood and Lymph
(determined by no. cells packed)

20
Q

Name types of Soft Tissue?

A

-Tendons and Ligaments

21
Q

Name types of Hard Tissue

A
  • Hyland Cartilage

- Bone

22
Q

What does Blood and Lymph Tissue form?

A

-Specialised cells

23
Q

Name X4 key features of Connective Tissue

A
  • Extracellular Matrix
  • Fibres-collagen etc
  • Tissue fluid
  • Ground Substance
24
Q

What are Osteocytes?

A

-cells of the bone

25
Q

What are Chondrocytes?

A

-Cells of the Cartilage

26
Q

What are Adipose Cells?

A

-Fat Cells

27
Q

What are Fibroblast cells?

A

-Produces and maintains Extracellular Matrix

28
Q

What is the Extracellular Matrix?

A
  • Network of Extracellular Macromolecules (big)

- NOT Same as Mitochondrial Matrix

29
Q

What are features of Soft Connective Tissue?

A

-Soft and flexible (e.g ligaments)

30
Q

Name X3 Types of Cartilage

A
  • Hyaline
  • Elastic
  • Fibrocartilage
31
Q

What is Muscle tissue made of?

A
  • Muscle cells

- Contains Contractile fibres

32
Q

What X2 fibres provide force of energy to Muscle cells to contract?

A

-Myosin and Actin

33
Q

Name X3 Types of Muscle Tissue

A

-Cardiac
-Skeletal
-Smooth
(CSS)

34
Q

Features of Smooth Muscle?

A
  • Simple
  • No Striations- lines
  • Involuntary
35
Q

Features of Cardiac Muscle?

A
  • Striated
  • Forms heart wall (X3 Layers)
  • Voluntary
36
Q

Features of Skeletal Muscle?

A
  • Multi-nucleated
  • Sacrcolemma-elongated nuclei
  • Striated
  • Voluntary
37
Q

What are X2 Components of the Nervous Tissue?

A
  • Neurons and Glial Cells

1: 10 ratio

38
Q

Name X4 Types of Neurons’ Structures

A
  • Multipolar-Many dendrites and X1 Axon (body)
  • Bipolar-X1 Axon and X1 Dendrite
  • Pseduounipolar-Axons BOTH directions
  • Unipolar-X1 Axon ONLY

(Named according total no. of parts)

39
Q

Function of Glial Cells?

A
  • Provide structural support to neutrons
  • Forms Myelin Sheath
  • Maintains Homeostatic Environment
40
Q

Name X3 Types of Glial Cells

A
  • Astrocytes-provide support (‘a’-amazing help)
  • Microglial-Immune Surveillance
  • Oligodendrocytes-produce myelin sheath
41
Q

What is name for Glial Cells in PNS?

A

-Schwann Cells

Histology (6 decks)

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