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T1 - Histology Midterm 3 > Histo. Urinary > Flashcards

Histo. Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

2 fxn of the urinary system

A
  1. control fluid vol and composition

2. eliminate metabolic waste

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2
Q

Where does filtration occur ?

A

kidney

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3
Q

Renal artery ____ the kidney through the hilum

A

enters

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4
Q

the renal vein ____ the kidney through the hilum

A

exit

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5
Q

the ureter ___ they kidey through the hilum

A

exit

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6
Q

The medulla of the kidney is made up of 8-18 structures called ______

A

renal pyramids

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7
Q

The apex of a renal pyramid is faced towwards the ______

A

renal papilla

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8
Q

The cortical material of the kidey extends btw the pyramids to constitute the renal ______

A

columns

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9
Q

The renal columns of the kidney contain intralobar vessels and the ____

A

loop of Henle

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10
Q

Medullary rays (from the pyramids) extend into the cortex. They contain (2) things

A
  1. straight collecting tubules

2. short loops of henle

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11
Q

Papillae of the pyramid fit into structures called _____

A

minor calyces

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12
Q

Minor calyces unite to form ____

A

major calyces

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13
Q

minor calyces –> major calyces –> ____

A

renal pelvis

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14
Q

The renal pelvis tappers into _____

A

ureter

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15
Q

The two ureters open into _____

A

urinary bladder

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16
Q

_____ drains the urinary bladder

A

urethra

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17
Q

______ is made up of the nephrons and collecting tubules

A

convoluted uriniferous tubule

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18
Q

___ is where urine is formed

A

nephron

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19
Q

_____ convey urine to urinary passages

A

collecting tubules

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20
Q

(4) components of a nephron

A
  1. renal corpuscle
  2. proximal convoluted tubule
  3. distal convoluted tubule
  4. loop of henle
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21
Q

(3) components of the collecting tubule in the convoluted uriniferous tubule

A

arched collecting tubules
straight collecting tubules
terminal collecting ducts (bellini)

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22
Q

______ open into renal papilla

A

terminal collecting ducts (of bellini)

  • a part of the collecting tubules
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23
Q

______ is made up of a tuft of capillaries called glomerulus

A

renal corpulse

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24
Q

renal corpuscle are made up of a tuft of capillaries called _____

A

glomerulus

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25
Q

***Glomerulus are suplied by an ______

A

afferent glomerular arteriole

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26
Q

***glomerulus are drained by _____

A

efferent glomerular arterioles

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27
Q

_____ is where the afferent/ efferent enter and leave the corpuscle

A

vascular pole

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28
Q

________ is where the proximal convoluted tubule attaches to the bowmans capsue

A

urinary pole

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29
Q

Bowmans capsule has _____ epithelium

A

simple squamous

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30
Q

_____ is the site where glomerular filtration is received

A

capsular space

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31
Q

____ capsule is epithelial cells where glomerulus are inveginated

A

bowmans capsule

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32
Q

blood in the glomerular capillaries is separated from the capsular space by three layers called the _____

A

filtration barrier

33
Q

Name the 3 layers of the filtration barrier

A
  1. capillary endothelium of glomeruli
  2. visceral epithelium of Bowmans capsule
  3. fused basement membrane in btw them
34
Q

_____ are modified cells in the afferent glomerular arterioles close to the glomerulus

A

Juxta glomerular cells

35
Q

Juxta glomerular cells secrete ____

A

renin

36
Q

_______ cells secrete renin

A

Juxta glomerular cells

  • modified cells in the afferent glomerular (near the glomerular)
37
Q

Renin (in afferent glomerulus) is discharged into the blood in response to a ________

A

drop in glomerular BP

38
Q

Renin activiates _____ hormone in the blood

A

angiotensinogen

39
Q

angiotensinogen is a strong ___ that elevates BP

A

vasoconstrictor

40
Q

vasoconstrictor that is released into the blood to increase glomerular pressure ?

A

angiotensinogen

41
Q

_______: tubule that is attached to Bowmans capsule (at renal pole) and ends at the loop of henle

A

proximal convoluted tube

42
Q

***Proximal convoluted tubules have ______ epithelium

A

cuboidal

43
Q

Most of the fluid of the _____ is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubules

A

glomerular filtrate

44
Q

The thin portion of the loop of henle is ____ epithelium

A

simple sqamous

45
Q

the thick portion of the loop of henle is _____ epithelium

A

simple cuboidal

46
Q

macula densa cells are located within the ___

A

distal colvoluted tubules

47
Q

portion of the distal convoluted tubule is in close relation to the afferent glomerular arteriole contain _____ cells

A

macula densa cells

48
Q

fxn of the macula densa cells

A

sensitive to Na+ concentration

  • info is transmitted to the Juxta glomerular cells to release renin to increase BP
49
Q

Distal convoluted tubule is under control of a ____ hormone

A

antidiuretic

50
Q

Extra/ intraglomerular mesangial cells are around blood capillaries are their fxn is ____

A

phogocytic

51
Q

phagocytic cells in the space btw afferent and efferent glomerular arterioles

A

extraglomerular mesangial cells

52
Q

(3) cells that make up the juxta glomerular apparatus

A
  1. juxta glomerular cells
  2. macula dena cells
  3. extraglomerular mesangial cells
53
Q

All components of the nephron lie in the _____, except the _____

A

cortex

except the loop of henle: in the renal columns

54
Q

____ tubules: are curved collecting tubules connected to the distal end of distal convoluted tubules and end into the straight tubules

A

arched tubules

55
Q

arching tubules are lined with _____ epithelial

A

cuboidal

56
Q

_____ tubules: receive arched tubules, and end b joining the terminal collecting duct

A

straight tubules

57
Q

______ ducts receive urine from collecting tubules

A

terminal collecting ducts

58
Q

terminal collecting ducts open into the _______

A

renal papillae

59
Q

terminal collecting ducts are lined by ___ epithelium

A

columnar epithelium

60
Q

***The mucosa surface epithelium is _____ in the urinary passageway

A

transitional

61
Q

Name the two layers of musculosa of the urinary passageway

A
  1. inner- longitudinal

2. outer- circular

62
Q

The ureter epithelium is _____

A

transitional

63
Q

The musculosa at the end of the ureter has an additional ______ layer of muscle

A

longitudinal

64
Q

The mucosa of the bladder is ___ epithelium

A

transitional

65
Q

Musculosa of the bladder is made up of three layers of smooth m. :

A
  1. inner longitudinal
  2. middle- circular
  3. outer- longitudinal
66
Q

____ is a tube connecting the urinary bladder to the outside

A

urethra

67
Q

name the three parts of the male urethra

A
  1. prostatic urethra
  2. membranous urethra
  3. penile urethra
68
Q

____ urethra runs into the prostate gland

A

prostatic urethra

69
Q

the prostatic urethra has __ epithelium

A

transitional

70
Q

___ urethra runs between the prostate and the penis

A

membranous urethra

71
Q

the membranous urethra is lined with _____ epithelium

A

pseudostratified

72
Q

_____ urethra runs into the penis

A

penile urethra

73
Q

the penile urethra has _____ epithelium

A

stratified columnar

74
Q

_____ is the terminal part of the penile urethra

A

fossa navicularis

75
Q

the fossa navicularis has ___ epithelium

A

stratified squamous

  • the terminal part of the penile urethra
76
Q

Mucus secreting glands of the urethra are called ____

A

glands of Littre

77
Q

The proximl portion of the female urethra is _____ epithelium

A

transitional

  • the rest os stratified sqamous
78
Q

mucous membrane of female urethra is lubricated by glands around the lower end of the urethra in the area of the vestible called ________glands

A

minor vestibular glands

79
Q

the minor vestibular glands of the female urethra are homolgue to ___ glands in males

A

littre

T1 - Histology Midterm 3 (5 decks)

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