Histo. Urinary Flashcards
2 fxn of the urinary system
- control fluid vol and composition
2. eliminate metabolic waste
Where does filtration occur ?
kidney
Renal artery ____ the kidney through the hilum
enters
the renal vein ____ the kidney through the hilum
exit
the ureter ___ they kidey through the hilum
exit
The medulla of the kidney is made up of 8-18 structures called ______
renal pyramids
The apex of a renal pyramid is faced towwards the ______
renal papilla
The cortical material of the kidey extends btw the pyramids to constitute the renal ______
columns
The renal columns of the kidney contain intralobar vessels and the ____
loop of Henle
Medullary rays (from the pyramids) extend into the cortex. They contain (2) things
- straight collecting tubules
2. short loops of henle
Papillae of the pyramid fit into structures called _____
minor calyces
Minor calyces unite to form ____
major calyces
minor calyces –> major calyces –> ____
renal pelvis
The renal pelvis tappers into _____
ureter
The two ureters open into _____
urinary bladder
_____ drains the urinary bladder
urethra
______ is made up of the nephrons and collecting tubules
convoluted uriniferous tubule
___ is where urine is formed
nephron
_____ convey urine to urinary passages
collecting tubules
(4) components of a nephron
- renal corpuscle
- proximal convoluted tubule
- distal convoluted tubule
- loop of henle
(3) components of the collecting tubule in the convoluted uriniferous tubule
arched collecting tubules
straight collecting tubules
terminal collecting ducts (bellini)
______ open into renal papilla
terminal collecting ducts (of bellini)
- a part of the collecting tubules
______ is made up of a tuft of capillaries called glomerulus
renal corpulse
renal corpuscle are made up of a tuft of capillaries called _____
glomerulus
***Glomerulus are suplied by an ______
afferent glomerular arteriole
***glomerulus are drained by _____
efferent glomerular arterioles
_____ is where the afferent/ efferent enter and leave the corpuscle
vascular pole
________ is where the proximal convoluted tubule attaches to the bowmans capsue
urinary pole
Bowmans capsule has _____ epithelium
simple squamous
_____ is the site where glomerular filtration is received
capsular space
____ capsule is epithelial cells where glomerulus are inveginated
bowmans capsule
blood in the glomerular capillaries is separated from the capsular space by three layers called the _____
filtration barrier
Name the 3 layers of the filtration barrier
- capillary endothelium of glomeruli
- visceral epithelium of Bowmans capsule
- fused basement membrane in btw them
_____ are modified cells in the afferent glomerular arterioles close to the glomerulus
Juxta glomerular cells
Juxta glomerular cells secrete ____
renin
_______ cells secrete renin
Juxta glomerular cells
- modified cells in the afferent glomerular (near the glomerular)
Renin (in afferent glomerulus) is discharged into the blood in response to a ________
drop in glomerular BP
Renin activiates _____ hormone in the blood
angiotensinogen
angiotensinogen is a strong ___ that elevates BP
vasoconstrictor
vasoconstrictor that is released into the blood to increase glomerular pressure ?
angiotensinogen
_______: tubule that is attached to Bowmans capsule (at renal pole) and ends at the loop of henle
proximal convoluted tube
***Proximal convoluted tubules have ______ epithelium
cuboidal
Most of the fluid of the _____ is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubules
glomerular filtrate
The thin portion of the loop of henle is ____ epithelium
simple sqamous
the thick portion of the loop of henle is _____ epithelium
simple cuboidal
macula densa cells are located within the ___
distal colvoluted tubules
portion of the distal convoluted tubule is in close relation to the afferent glomerular arteriole contain _____ cells
macula densa cells
fxn of the macula densa cells
sensitive to Na+ concentration
- info is transmitted to the Juxta glomerular cells to release renin to increase BP
Distal convoluted tubule is under control of a ____ hormone
antidiuretic
Extra/ intraglomerular mesangial cells are around blood capillaries are their fxn is ____
phogocytic
phagocytic cells in the space btw afferent and efferent glomerular arterioles
extraglomerular mesangial cells
(3) cells that make up the juxta glomerular apparatus
- juxta glomerular cells
- macula dena cells
- extraglomerular mesangial cells
All components of the nephron lie in the _____, except the _____
cortex
except the loop of henle: in the renal columns
____ tubules: are curved collecting tubules connected to the distal end of distal convoluted tubules and end into the straight tubules
arched tubules
arching tubules are lined with _____ epithelial
cuboidal
_____ tubules: receive arched tubules, and end b joining the terminal collecting duct
straight tubules
______ ducts receive urine from collecting tubules
terminal collecting ducts
terminal collecting ducts open into the _______
renal papillae
terminal collecting ducts are lined by ___ epithelium
columnar epithelium
***The mucosa surface epithelium is _____ in the urinary passageway
transitional
Name the two layers of musculosa of the urinary passageway
- inner- longitudinal
2. outer- circular
The ureter epithelium is _____
transitional
The musculosa at the end of the ureter has an additional ______ layer of muscle
longitudinal
The mucosa of the bladder is ___ epithelium
transitional
Musculosa of the bladder is made up of three layers of smooth m. :
- inner longitudinal
- middle- circular
- outer- longitudinal
____ is a tube connecting the urinary bladder to the outside
urethra
name the three parts of the male urethra
- prostatic urethra
- membranous urethra
- penile urethra
____ urethra runs into the prostate gland
prostatic urethra
the prostatic urethra has __ epithelium
transitional
___ urethra runs between the prostate and the penis
membranous urethra
the membranous urethra is lined with _____ epithelium
pseudostratified
_____ urethra runs into the penis
penile urethra
the penile urethra has _____ epithelium
stratified columnar
_____ is the terminal part of the penile urethra
fossa navicularis
the fossa navicularis has ___ epithelium
stratified squamous
- the terminal part of the penile urethra
Mucus secreting glands of the urethra are called ____
glands of Littre
The proximl portion of the female urethra is _____ epithelium
transitional
- the rest os stratified sqamous
mucous membrane of female urethra is lubricated by glands around the lower end of the urethra in the area of the vestible called ________glands
minor vestibular glands
the minor vestibular glands of the female urethra are homolgue to ___ glands in males
littre