Histo. Urinary Flashcards by brittany treadway

2 fxn of the urinary system

control fluid vol and composition

2. eliminate metabolic waste

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Where does filtration occur ?

kidney

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Renal artery ____ the kidney through the hilum

enters

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the renal vein ____ the kidney through the hilum

exit

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the ureter ___ they kidey through the hilum

exit

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The medulla of the kidney is made up of 8-18 structures called ______

renal pyramids

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The apex of a renal pyramid is faced towwards the ______

renal papilla

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The cortical material of the kidey extends btw the pyramids to constitute the renal ______

columns

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The renal columns of the kidney contain intralobar vessels and the ____

loop of Henle

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Medullary rays (from the pyramids) extend into the cortex. They contain (2) things

straight collecting tubules

2. short loops of henle

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Papillae of the pyramid fit into structures called _____

minor calyces

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Minor calyces unite to form ____

major calyces

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minor calyces –> major calyces –> ____

renal pelvis

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The renal pelvis tappers into _____

ureter

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The two ureters open into _____

urinary bladder

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_____ drains the urinary bladder

urethra

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______ is made up of the nephrons and collecting tubules

convoluted uriniferous tubule

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___ is where urine is formed

nephron

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_____ convey urine to urinary passages

collecting tubules

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(4) components of a nephron

renal corpuscle
proximal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule
loop of henle

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(3) components of the collecting tubule in the convoluted uriniferous tubule

arched collecting tubules
straight collecting tubules
terminal collecting ducts (bellini)

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______ open into renal papilla

terminal collecting ducts (of bellini)

a part of the collecting tubules

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______ is made up of a tuft of capillaries called glomerulus

renal corpulse

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renal corpuscle are made up of a tuft of capillaries called _____

glomerulus

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***Glomerulus are suplied by an ______

afferent glomerular arteriole

***glomerulus are drained by _____

efferent glomerular arterioles

_____ is where the afferent/ efferent enter and leave the corpuscle

vascular pole

________ is where the proximal convoluted tubule attaches to the bowmans capsue

urinary pole

Bowmans capsule has _____ epithelium

simple squamous

_____ is the site where glomerular filtration is received

capsular space

____ capsule is epithelial cells where glomerulus are inveginated

bowmans capsule

blood in the glomerular capillaries is separated from the capsular space by three layers called the _____

filtration barrier

Name the 3 layers of the filtration barrier

1. capillary endothelium of glomeruli 2. visceral epithelium of Bowmans capsule 3. fused basement membrane in btw them

_____ are modified cells in the afferent glomerular arterioles close to the glomerulus

Juxta glomerular cells

Juxta glomerular cells secrete ____

renin

_______ cells secrete renin

Juxta glomerular cells - modified cells in the afferent glomerular (near the glomerular)

Renin (in afferent glomerulus) is discharged into the blood in response to a ________

drop in glomerular BP

Renin activiates _____ hormone in the blood

angiotensinogen

angiotensinogen is a strong ___ that elevates BP

vasoconstrictor

vasoconstrictor that is released into the blood to increase glomerular pressure ?

angiotensinogen

_______: tubule that is attached to Bowmans capsule (at renal pole) and ends at the loop of henle

proximal convoluted tube

***Proximal convoluted tubules have ______ epithelium

cuboidal

Most of the fluid of the _____ is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubules

glomerular filtrate

The thin portion of the loop of henle is ____ epithelium

simple sqamous

the thick portion of the loop of henle is _____ epithelium

simple cuboidal

macula densa cells are located within the ___

distal colvoluted tubules

portion of the distal convoluted tubule is in close relation to the afferent glomerular arteriole contain _____ cells

macula densa cells

fxn of the macula densa cells

sensitive to Na+ concentration - info is transmitted to the Juxta glomerular cells to release renin to increase BP

Distal convoluted tubule is under control of a ____ hormone

antidiuretic

Extra/ intraglomerular mesangial cells are around blood capillaries are their fxn is ____

phogocytic

phagocytic cells in the space btw afferent and efferent glomerular arterioles

extraglomerular mesangial cells

(3) cells that make up the juxta glomerular apparatus

1. juxta glomerular cells 2. macula dena cells 3. extraglomerular mesangial cells

All components of the nephron lie in the _____, except the _____

cortex except the loop of henle: in the renal columns

____ tubules: are curved collecting tubules connected to the distal end of distal convoluted tubules and end into the straight tubules

arched tubules

arching tubules are lined with _____ epithelial

cuboidal

_____ tubules: receive arched tubules, and end b joining the terminal collecting duct

straight tubules

______ ducts receive urine from collecting tubules

terminal collecting ducts

terminal collecting ducts open into the _______

renal papillae

terminal collecting ducts are lined by ___ epithelium

columnar epithelium

***The mucosa surface epithelium is _____ in the urinary passageway

transitional

Name the two layers of musculosa of the urinary passageway

1. inner- longitudinal | 2. outer- circular

The ureter epithelium is _____

transitional

The musculosa at the end of the ureter has an additional ______ layer of muscle

longitudinal

The mucosa of the bladder is ___ epithelium

transitional

Musculosa of the bladder is made up of three layers of smooth m. :

1. inner longitudinal 2. middle- circular 3. outer- longitudinal

____ is a tube connecting the urinary bladder to the outside

urethra

name the three parts of the male urethra

1. prostatic urethra 2. membranous urethra 3. penile urethra

____ urethra runs into the prostate gland

prostatic urethra

the prostatic urethra has __ epithelium

transitional

___ urethra runs between the prostate and the penis

membranous urethra

the membranous urethra is lined with _____ epithelium

pseudostratified

_____ urethra runs into the penis

penile urethra

the penile urethra has _____ epithelium

stratified columnar

_____ is the terminal part of the penile urethra

fossa navicularis

the fossa navicularis has ___ epithelium

stratified squamous - the terminal part of the penile urethra

Mucus secreting glands of the urethra are called ____

glands of Littre

The proximl portion of the female urethra is _____ epithelium

transitional - the rest os stratified sqamous

mucous membrane of female urethra is lubricated by glands around the lower end of the urethra in the area of the vestible called ________glands

minor vestibular glands

the minor vestibular glands of the female urethra are homolgue to ___ glands in males

littre