Histo. Endocrine System Flashcards
______ tissue is a group of cells forming part of some organ
unorganized endocrine tisse
name 5 unorganized endocrine tissues
Islet of Langerhans Interstitial cells of testis corpus luteum of ovary endocrine cells of G.I.T Endocrine cells of planceta
I.I.C.E.E
Name 5 organized endocrine tiss
pituitary parathyroid pineal body suprarenal thyroid
The thyroid gland has two lobes connected by _____
isthmus
Thyroid follicules are filled with collid which ___(fxn)_____
store thyroid secretion
Follicular (principle cells) have _______epithelium
simple cuboidal
Follicular cells of the thryroid secrete _______
Thyroxin
Tri-iodothyronin
Thyroxin is secreted by ________ cells of the thyroid
follicular cells
Tri-iodothyronin is secreted by ____ cells of the thyroid
follicular cells
_______ & ____ activates the metabolic processes and increase the metabolic rate
thyroxin & tri-iodothyronin
Parafollicular cells of the thyroid secrete ___
thyrocalcitonin (calcitonin)
________ horm suppresses bone resorption and lowers calcium levels of the blood
calcitonin (thyrocalcitonin )
2 cells types in the parathyroid
- principle (chief) : Dark & light cheif cells
2. Oxyphil
______ cells of the parathyroid secrete parathormone
Dark Chief
Parathorome are secreted by _____
dark chief cells of the parathyroid
______ hormone promote bone resorption and liberation of calcium from bones , elevate the calcium levels of blood
parathormone
secreted by dark cheif cells
_____ are inactive forms of the dark chief cells
light chief cells
parathyroid
_______ cells are degenerative forms of chief cells. Increase with age
oxyphil
hypothyroidism leads to a c.c. known as ___ in adults
myxedema
hypothyroidism leads to a c.c. in children called __
cretinism
Outer zone of the suprarenal
cortex
Inner portion of the suprarenal
medulla
The medulla of the suprarenal secretes_____
epinephrine and norephrine
_______ secrete mineralocorticoids
zona glomerulosa
Aldosterone is a _____
mineralocorticoid
Fxn of aldosterone
control water and electrolyte balance
Zona fasiculata has ___ cells within its zone
spongiocytes
zona fasciculata secretes ______
glucocorticoid (cortisol)
Cortisol is a ______
glucocorticoid (zona fasciculata)
Glucocorticoids (cortisol) fxn
control carb and protein metabolism
Zona reticularis secretes____
gonadocorticoid
gonadocorticoids secrete____
sex hormones
The pituitary gland occupies a depression called ________
hypophyseal fossa
The large anterior portion of the pituitary gland
andeohypophysis
The small posterior part of the pituitary
neurohypophysis
connected to the brain
3 divisions of the andenohyphysis
- pars distalis
- pars tuberalis
- Pars intermedia
3 divisions of the neuropophysis
- Pars posterior
- infundibular stalk
- median eminence
____ horm stim growth of body tis
Growth horm (somatotrophic hormone STH)
pituitary
____ stim the secretion of milk
prolactin
pituitary
___ stim the thyroid secretions
follicle stim horm (FSH)
pituitary
____ hormone activated ovulation and the development of the corpus luteum in women
Luteinizing horm (LH) (pituitary)
____ hormon stim the secretion of testosterone
Luteinizing horm (ICSH)
__ hormone stim the formation of spermatozoa
follice stim horm (FSH)
pituitary)
_____ horm stim the secretion of cortical horm of the suprarenal gland
Adrenocorticotrophic horm (ACTH) (pituitary)
______ horm is secreted in the pars intermedia of the pituitary gland
melanocyte stimulating horm (MSH)
_____ nuclei of the hypothalmus ending in the neurophypophyis
hypothalmis hypophyseal tract
hypothalmis hypophyseal tract arises from _____ & ___
supraoptic & paraventricular nuclei
______ are dilated bulbous endings of the fibers of the hypothalmic hyophyseal tract
herrings body
_____ are neuroglia that support the nervous elements of the nuerohypophysis
pituicytes
____ horm stim smooth m. of the uterus and mammory gland ejection
oxytocin
neurohypo- pituitary
2 hormons secreted by the neurohypophysis
- oxytocin
2. vasopressin
_____ horm reduces urine production by increasing reabsorption of the fluid in the kidneys
vasopressin (antidiuretic horm ADH)
- neurohypo- pituitary)
___ hormone causes vasoconstrition
vasopressin
___ hormone causes elevation of BP (pituitary)
vasopressin
neurohypo
deficiency of _____ horm causes diabetic insipidus
vasopressin
deficiency of vasopressin causes _____
diabetes insipidus
_____ gland is covered by pia mater
pineal body
_____ gland is known as the biological clock
pineal body
the pineal body secretes __
melatonin
melatonin is made from the neurotransmitter ____
serotonin
____ is the sleep hormone
melatonin
**_____ horm mobilizes calcium from bone matrix in response to ow levels of ca+ in the blood
parathyroid
**C.C. _____ condition results from thyroxin defficiency in the adults and cirtinism in infants
myxedema
** __ cells of the pituitary gland secrete prolactin
aciphil
** ____ is secreted by parafolliculare cells of the thyroid gland
calcitonin