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T1- Histology Midterm2 > Histo. Respiratory > Flashcards

Histo. Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

Main fxn of the respiratory

A

exchange gases btw air and blood

O2 of air is exchanged for CO2

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2
Q

What are the anatomical parts of the respiratory system

A
  1. conducting portion

2. respiratory portion

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3
Q

What are the parts of the conducting extrapulmonary passage

A
  1. nose
  2. nasopharynx
  3. larynx
  4. trachae
  5. main bronchi
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4
Q

What are the conducting portions of the intrapulmonary passage

A
  1. intrapulmonary bronchi

2. bronchioles

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5
Q

What are the parts of the respiratory portions?

A
  1. respiratory bronchioles
  2. alveolar ducts
  3. atria
  4. alveolar sacs
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6
Q

Surface epithelium of the respiratory mucus of the nose

A

pseudostratified columnar ciliated with some goblet cells

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7
Q

_________ secrete a film of mucus over the surface of the nose

A

pseudostratified columnar ciliated

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8
Q

the congestion of the ________ in the _____ leads to nasal blockage

A

venous plexuses in the lamina propria

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9
Q

_______ glands moisten the mucous membrane and humidify the air in the nose

A

sero-mucous glands

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10
Q

Where are olfactory mucosa of the nose located

A

roof of the nasal cavity - over the medial and lateral walls

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11
Q

surface epithelium of the olfactory mucosa of the nose (3)

A
  1. olfactory cells
  2. Supporting (sustentacular) cells
  3. basal
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12
Q

fine hair like projections (microvilli) on the surface are called olfactory ____

A

hailets

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13
Q

Olfactory cells are ______ nerve cells

A

bipolar

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14
Q

olfactory cells terminate in the ________

A

olfactory vesicles

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15
Q

_______ are inverted conical cells surrounding the olfactory cells

A

supporting (sustentacular) cells

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16
Q

_______ cells stem cells for the supporting cells of the olfactory mucosa

A

basal cells

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17
Q

The lamina propria of the nose contains serous glands called ____ glands

A

bowmans

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18
Q

The cartilage of the larynx is ___ & ___

A

hyaline and elastic

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19
Q

Name three hyaline cartilages of the larynx

A

thyroid (1)
cricoid (1)
aretenoid(2)

(do not have “e” besides aretenoid bc its is both)

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20
Q

The elastic cartilage of the larynx is

A

cornculates (2)
Cuneiforms (2)
epiglottis (1)
Tips of arytenoids(2)

(all have an “e” in them)

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21
Q

Thyroid : elastic/ hyaline?

A

hyaline

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22
Q

cricoid : elastic/ hyaline?

A

hyaline

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23
Q

aretenoid: elastic/ hyaline?

A

body is hyaline

the tips are elastic

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24
Q

Cornculates : elastic/ hyaline?

A

elastic (2)

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25
Q

Cuneiforms: elastic/ hyaline?

A

elastic (2)

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26
Q

epiplottis: elastic/ hyaline?

A

elastic (1)

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27
Q

Name the 2 anteroposterior folds of the mucous membrane within the larynx

A
  1. vocal lig

2. vestibular (false vocal) lig

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28
Q

Tiss of the larynx

A

pseudostratified columnar ciliated with goblet cells

except over the vocal cords

29
Q

the vocal cords are made up of _____ tiss

A

pseudo stratified squamous non keratinized

30
Q

The trachea is supported by _____ rings

A

hyaline

31
Q

______ epithelium of the trachea

A

pseudostratified columnar ciliated with goblet cells

32
Q

Smooth muscle that attaches to the posterior end of the trachea

A

trachealis muscle

33
Q

Mucosa of te intrapulmonary bronchi are ______

A

pseudostratified columnar ciliated with goblet cells

34
Q

Describe the musculosa of the intrapulmonary bronchi

A

circular smooth muscle

35
Q

_____ is CT containing sero-mucous glands

A

submucosa

36
Q

Name the 5 layers of the intrapulmonary bronchi

A
  1. Mucosa
  2. musculosa
  3. submucosa
  4. Cartilage layer
  5. Fibrous layer
37
Q

Name the three layers of the bronchioles

A
  1. mucosa
  2. musculosa
  3. fibrous

(no cartilage)

38
Q

The mucosa of bronchioles is ______ epithelium

A

simple columnar ciliated with no goblet

39
Q

Respiratory Bronchioles are __ epithelium

A

simple cuboidal (some cilia)

40
Q

alveoli are _____ epitheliu

A

simple squamous

41
Q

Alveoli are separated from each other by _____

A

inter alveolar septa

42
Q

______ are openings in the septa that communicate alveolar cavities together

A

alveolar pores

43
Q

alveolar pores are openings in the ______to communicate btw alvelar cavities

A

inter alveolar septa

44
Q

Pneumocytes type I are _____ epipthelial

A

simple squamous

small alveolar

45
Q

Pneumocyte type II are _____ epipthelial

A

cuboidal cells

46
Q

______ secrete lipid material called surfactant

A

great aveolar cells or pneumocytes type II

47
Q

Phagocytic cells of the septum are __

A

dust cells

48
Q

another name for dust cells

A

septal cells

49
Q

shelf like projections called _____ are in the respiratory mucous membrane

A

nasal conchae

50
Q

______ is the first part of the pharynx behind the nose

A

nasopharynx

51
Q

The larynx is also called the _____

A

voice box

52
Q

_____is an organ of phonation and air passage

A

larynx

53
Q

What is after the larynx

A

trachea

54
Q

What is before the trachea

A

larynx

55
Q

lamina propria of the respiratory system contains _____ glands

A

sero-mucous glands

56
Q

smooth muscles that can reduce the diameter of the lumen of the trachea

A

trachealis muscle

57
Q

Parietal pleura and visceral pleura of the lungs becones conti at at ____

A

hilum

58
Q

_____ lead to wide air sacs called alveolar sacs

A

atria

59
Q

atira lead to form wide air sacs in the lungs called ___

A

alveolar sacs

60
Q

The exchange of gas occurs through the walls of _____ in the lungs

A

alveoli

61
Q

Terminal bronchioles divide into ____

A

respiratory bronchioles

62
Q

respiratory bronchioles divide into ___

A

alveolar ducts

63
Q

Alveolar ducts divide into ____

A

atria

64
Q

atria divide into ____

A

alveolar sacs

65
Q

Name the pathway of the lungs

A

primary bronchi –> secondary–> tertiary –> bronchioles –> terminal bronchioles –> respiratory bronchioles –> alveolar ducts –> atria –> alveolar sac –> alveoli

66
Q

There are no ____ layer once you get into the bronchioles

A

cartilage layer

67
Q

What does COPD stand for?

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

- difficulty breathing

68
Q

______ is due to destruction of elastic tiss of the lung

A

emphysema

-caused by cigarette smoke

69
Q

____ are malignant tumors in the lungs

A

neoplasm

T1- Histology Midterm2 (6 decks)

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