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T1- Histology Midterm2 > Histo. nervous tissue > Flashcards

Histo. nervous tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Nerves arising from the brain are called the _____

A

cranial nerves

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2
Q

Nerves have two physiological properties:

A

excitability & conductivity

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3
Q

The SNS have that two fxn divisions

A

somatic sensory division

somatic motor division

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4
Q

ANS has what three fxn divisions

A 
visceral sensory division (afferent) 
sympathetic division (efferent)
Parasympathetic division (efferent)
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5
Q

_______ is the ability to produce action potential in response to a stim.

A

excitability

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6
Q

______ is the ability to propagate action potential along the neural membrane

A

conductivity

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7
Q

A receptor can change any stim. to an _________

A

action potential

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8
Q

Name the 4 special receptors

A
  1. see
  2. hear
  3. touch
  4. smell
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9
Q

___ conducts action potential away from the cell body

A

axons

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10
Q

____ conduct potentials toward the cell body

A

dendrites

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11
Q

What are the two parts of the neuron that deal with the action potentials

A

axon: away from cell body
dendrite: toward the cell body

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12
Q

_________ cells that support the nerve cells and their processes

A

neuroglial cells

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13
Q

Nerve fibers are extensions of _______

A

neurons

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14
Q

Name the three types of neurons

A
  1. Unipolar, pseudounipolar
  2. bipolar
  3. multipolar
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15
Q

_____ is a type of neuron with one process

A

unipolar / pseudounipolar

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16
Q

ganglia contain the ______ mater

A

grey

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17
Q

_______ is a type of neuron with two process

A

bipolar

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18
Q

_______ is a type of neuron with more than two process

A

Multipolar

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19
Q

Name the 4 different types of multipolar neurons

A
  1. stellate
  2. pyramidal
  3. piriform
  4. granule cells
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20
Q

What is the shape of stellate multipolar neurons

A

star shape

ex: autonomic

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21
Q

What is the shape of a piriform multipolar neuron

A

pear-shaped

ex: cerebeellum

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22
Q

What is the shape of a granule cell of multipolar neurons

A

small with nucleus filling most of the cell

ex: in cerebellum

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23
Q

Golgi type 1 have _____ axons

A

long

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24
Q

Golgi type II have _____ axons

A

short

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25
Q

Golgi type ____ have long axons

A

type 1

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26
Q

Golgi type ___ have short axons

A

type II

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27
Q

Axons send electrical stimulus ______

A

away from the cell body

There is only 1

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28
Q

Dendrites send electrical stimulus _____

A

to the cell body

there are many

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29
Q

_______ are sites of contact btw nerve cells or nerve cells and end organ

A

synapse

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30
Q

What are synapse

A

sites of contact btw nerve cells or nerve cells and end organs

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31
Q

Name the three types of synapse

A
  1. axodentrite
  2. axosomatic
  3. axoaxonic
32
Q

_____ contain chemical neurotransmitters that release under the effect of the presynaptic action potential

A

synaptic vesicles

33
Q

_____ facilitate transmission of electrical energy from the presynaptic to the postsynaptic element

A

synaptic vesicles

34
Q

Where are unipolar/ pseudounipolar neurons located?

A

spinal gg.

35
Q

Where are bipolar neurons located ?

A

the retina

36
Q

Myelin sheaths are divided into internodal segments by _____

A

nodes of ranvier

37
Q

2 fxn of the myelin sheath

A
  1. Insulator

2. speed up conductivity

38
Q

What is saltatory conduction

A

the phenomenon by which the conduction is sped up because of the meylin covering of nerve fibers

39
Q

_________ cells lie outside of the myelin sheath

A

Neurolemma / Schwann’s sheath

40
Q

Another name for neurolemma

A

schwann’s sheath

41
Q

Another name for Schwann’s sheath

A

Neurolemma

42
Q

________ wraps around the internodal segment of myelin

A

Schwann’s cells

43
Q

3 roles of the Schwann cells

A
  1. Protective covering
  2. role in regeneration of nerves
  3. forms myelin sheath
44
Q

An axon arises from the cell body at the ______

A

hillock

45
Q

The terminal branch of an axon is called____

A

telodendria

46
Q

The axoplasm in axones are granulated/ or non gradulated

A

lack granules

47
Q

In axons the Telodendria terminates in bulbous endings called ______

A

terminal boutons

48
Q

_____ are the fibers in gray matter

A

Naked fibers

49
Q

______ are fibers of the white matter in the CNS

A

myelinated without neurolemma

50
Q

_______ are fibers in the spinal nerves

A

Myelinated with neurolemma

51
Q

______ are fibers of the ANS

A

nonmyelinated with neurolemma

52
Q

______ cells are cells of support to the nerve cells adn their processes

A

Neuroglia cells

53
Q

Neuroglia proper are found only in the ___

A

CNS

54
Q

Modified Neuroglia are found in the ____

A

CNS and PNS

55
Q

Name the three subtypes of Neuroglia Proper

A
  1. Astrocytes
  2. Oligodendroglia
  3. Microglia
56
Q

_____ are neuroglia proper cells that have multiple processes ending by perivascular feet around blood vessels

A

astrocytes

57
Q

Name the two types of Neuroglia proper ASTROCYTES

  • Where are each found?
A
  1. Protoplasmic - grey matter of CNS

2. Fibrous - White matter of CNS

58
Q

Neuroglia proper MICROGLIA cells are small ______ cells with processes at the poles

A

spindle cells

  • They are phagocytic cells
59
Q

_______ cells are Neuroglia phagocytic cells

A

Mircolgia

tiny but mighty phagocytic cells

60
Q

Two types of neuroglia proper cells that are derived from ____derm tissue

A
  1. Astrocytes

2. Oligodendroglia

61
Q

_________ neuroglia proper cell is derived from mesoderm

A

Microglia

62
Q

__________ neuroglia proper cell forms myelin sheath around nerves

A

Oligodendroglia

they are the god of myelin

63
Q

Where are modified neuroglia found ?

A

CNS & PNS

64
Q

Name the three types of modified Neuroglia

A
  1. Neurolemma cells
  2. Satellite cells
  3. Ependymal cells
65
Q

Neurolemma cells are present only in the _____

A

PNS

66
Q

________ cells are schwann cells that surround cell bodies of neurons inside gg

A

Satellite cells

67
Q

_____ cells are columnar cells (modified neuroglia) with some cilia, lining the brain and spinal cord

A

Ependymal cells

68
Q

Ependymal cells are modified neuroglia cells with cilia that line the _____ & _____

A

brain & canal of spinal cord

69
Q

4 fxn of Neuroglia

A
  1. support Nerve cells
  2. Control flow of maerial to nervous tissue. Feet are around blood vessels making the Blood brain barrier( BBB)
  3. formation of myelin by oligodendroglia
  4. Defense of CNS via phagocytic microglia
70
Q

_______ is a neuroglia cell that forms myelin around PERIPHERAL nerves

A

Neurolemma cells

71
Q

_____ forms myelin in the CNS

A

Oligodendroglia

72
Q

______ is a type of ganglion cell that is found in spinal ganglia

A

Pseudounipolar nerve cells

73
Q

What type of neuroglia cells contribute to the blood-brain barrier

A

Astrocytes

Their Perivascular feet

74
Q

_____ is the C.T that separates bundles of nerve fibers inside the nerve

A

perineurium

75
Q

What is the type of nerve fiber found in the gray matter of the CNS

A

Naked fibers

76
Q

SYnaptic vescicles release _____ under the influence of the action potential

A

neurotransmitters

77
Q

What do microglia contain ?

A

phagocytic cells

T1- Histology Midterm2 (6 decks)

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