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T1- Histology Midterm2 > Histo. Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Histo. Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

_____ transports blood from the organs to the heart

A

veins

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2
Q

_____ transports blood from the heart ot the organs

A

arteries

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3
Q

_____ is the only site where exchange of materials occurs btw blood and tiss

A

capillaries

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4
Q

______ is fluids of blood and small materials that are forced through capillary walls towards the tissues

A

interstitial fluid

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5
Q

_____ is tissue fluid (interstitial fluid) that can not be recovered by blood capillaries and is left behind.

A

lymph

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6
Q

blood vessels are hollow with a lumen in side that is surrounded by ____

A

tunics

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7
Q

The inner layer of a blood vessel tunic is _____

A

tunica intima

The tunica is getting intiment with being the inside layer

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8
Q

Name the three layers of the tunica intima

A
  1. endothelium: squamous cells
  2. Subendothelium: fuses to form the internal elastic membrane (lamina)
  3. Internal elastic membrane: absent in veins- allows tissue fluid to move
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9
Q

Tunica ____ is the middle layer of the blood vessel

A

tunica media

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10
Q

name the three parts of the tunica media

A
  1. smooth muscle fibers- circular around vessels. contraction = vasoconstrition
  2. collagen and elastic fibers: run in btw fibers
    fuse to form external elastic membrane
  3. external elastic membrane: condenses and separates tunica media from adventitia. membrane is absent in veins
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11
Q

What is the name f the outer tunica of blood vessels

A

tunica adventitia

the outer tunica likes to have outside adventures

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12
Q

Name the three layers of the tunica adventitia

A
  1. collagen
  2. elastic
  3. vasa vasora : (vessels supplying vessels)
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13
Q

What are vasa vasora fxn in tunica adventitia

A

small blood vessels present in adventitia of thick walled vessels. They provide nutrition to the outer layers that fain to receive tissue fluid which diffuses through endothelium into the inner layers

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14
Q

Tunica ____ is the widest zone in large arteries

A

media

  • it is made up of multiple corrugated fenestrated elastic membranes
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15
Q

In large arteries is the tunica media or adventitia wider?

A

tunica media

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16
Q

In the large artery is the tunica media or tunica adventitia smaller ?

A

tunica adventia

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17
Q

The lumen is large arteries is very _____

A

wide

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18
Q

the wall in large arteries is very _____

A

thick

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19
Q

Where can vas vasora be found in the cardiovascuar system

A

in the large, medium, and small arteries

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20
Q

CVS > vaso vasora are found in the tunica ____

A

adventitia

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21
Q

CVS> what is the thin zone is the tunica intima within medium and small arteries ?

A

subendothelium

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22
Q

T/F is there internal and external membranes in the small and medium veins

A

There are no external/ internal elastic membranes in the veins

  • this is why they look collapsed in cadavers
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23
Q

In arterioles the lumen is __ and the wall appears ____ compared to the lumen

A

lumen- small

walls- thick

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24
Q

The internal elastic membrane are present in arteries or veins?

A

arteries

25
Q

Tunica media is thicker in arteries or veins?

A

thick in arteries

26
Q

Tunica media is thinner in arteries or veins ?

A

veins

27
Q

The internal elastic membrane is absent in artieres or veins

A

veins

28
Q

External elastic membranes are present in ?

A

arteries (but not arterioles)

29
Q

The tunica adventitia is narrower then the tunica media in?

A

arteries

30
Q

The tunica adventitia is wider then the tunica media in ?

A

veins

31
Q

The lumen diameter of venules is (larger/ smaller) then the lumen diameter or arterioles

A

greater

32
Q

The wall thickness of venules is (thicker/ thinner) than the wall thickness of arterioles

A

arterioles have thicker walls

33
Q

Do arterioles and venules have internal elastic membranes?

A

just arterioles have internal elastic membrane

but they do not have external elastic membranes

34
Q

______ are pocket type valves and are made up of folds of tunica intima

A

venous valves

35
Q

venous valves are made of forld of _____

A

tunica intima

36
Q

all antigravity veins, below the level of the heart, have ______ which direct the blood towards the heart and prevent it from backing iinto lower segments

A

venous valves

37
Q

_____ are connections btw the artieries and veins

A

capillaries

38
Q

capillary cells are attached by ____

A

desosomes

39
Q

_____ are flattened branching cells in the outer wall of cap.’s

A

pericytes

40
Q

Pericytes in the walls of capillaries can differeientate into ___ & ____ cells

A

phagocytic or contractile cells

41
Q

Capillaries type ____ cells are conti with endothelium. Most common

A

Type I

42
Q

Capillaries type _____ have holes (fenestrated)

A

Type II

  • this occurs where there is absorption or fultration of fluid
43
Q

Where do type II capillaries occur?

A

intestines & flomeruli of kindeys

44
Q

True sinusoids are found in the ____ & ____

A

spleen and bone marrow

45
Q

_____ are larger than capillaries.
tortuous and lined by phagocytic & endothelial cells

cells have gaps btw them to allow blood flow

A

true sinusoids

46
Q

_____ capillaries have wider holes then type II capillaries

A

sinusoidal capillaries

47
Q

________ capillaries are less tortuous, lined by endothelium and have wider holes then type II capillaries

A

Sinusoidal capillaries

48
Q

_______ capillaries are found in endocrine glands

A

sinusoidal capillaries

49
Q

What are the endocrine glads that sinusoidal capillaries are found in ?

A

pituitary and adrenal

50
Q

___ connect arterioles with venueles directly and bypass capillaries

A

arteriovenous anastomoses or shunts

51
Q

Location of artreiovenous anastomoses or shunts

A 
tips of fingers, 
toes 
nose 
lips 
ears
digestive system 
thyroid glands
52
Q

______ are branching convoluted vessels of arteriovenous anastomoeses inside CT capsule

A

glomus

53
Q

Lymphatic capillaries are _____ tubes

A

blind ended

54
Q
  1. What is the function of the cardiovascular system?
A

deliver oxygen, other nutrients and remove waste (Co2, etc)

55
Q
  1. What are the components of the C.V.S.?
A

a. Heart
b. Large arteries (aorta, oulmonary trunk)
c. Medium sized arteries
d. Arterioles
e. Capillaries
f. Venules
g. Veins

56
Q
  1. What are the layers found in a blood vessel (general structure of BV)?
A

a. Tunica intima
b. Tunicamedia
c. Tunica adventitia

57
Q
  1. What are the histological differences between arteries and veins?
A

a. Arteries: more defined muscular media layer
i. Internal and external layer
ii. More elasticity then veins

58
Q
  1. What is the histology of venous valves and their function?
A

a. Pocket type valves
b. Folds of tunica intima – with a core of CT covered by endothelium
c. Anti-gravity valves
d. Designed to direct blood back to the heart and prevent back flow

59
Q

3 types of vessels that connect the arterial with the venous side of the circulation

A

capillaries
blood sinusoids
arteriovenous anastomoses

T1- Histology Midterm2 (6 decks)

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