Histo Male Reproductive Flashcards
The scrotum is 2-3 degrees lower than the rest o the body, how does this happen?
through countercurrent exchange via pampiniform plexus
What four things make up the testis?
tunica vaginalis (visceral leaf)
tunica albuginea
tunica vasculosa
seminiferous tubules
What are the 2 functions of the testis?
gametogenesis
steroidogenesis
Describe all the layers of the testis and scrotum (start inside out).
seminiferous tubules with fibrous septae tunica vasculosa tunica albuginea tunica vaginalis (visceral leaf) mesothelial cells parietal tunica vaginalis colles fascia dartos muscle epidermis with hair follicle, sebaceous gland, eccrine sweat gland and duct
What are the parts of the scrotum?
mesothelial cells parietal tunica vaginalis colles fascia dartos muscle epidermis with hair follicle, sebaceous gland, eccrine sweat gland and duct
Is there a space between the scrotum and testis?
yes it is between the tunica vaginalis (visceral leaf) and the parietal tunica vaginalis (on scrotum)
What are the 2 functions of the testis?
endocrine-> steroidogenesis to make testosterone
exocrine-> gametogenesisi to make sperm
The seminiferous tubules of the testis have two types of epithelium, what are they?
spermatogenic and sertoli cells
What does the peritubular connective tissue sheath contain?
blood vessels
lymphatics
myoepithelial cells
Explain the structure of the seminiferous tubules.
spermatogenic (make sperm) and sertoli cells (support sperm)
basement membrane
peritubular CT
What will the seminiferous tubules be like until puberty? What happens after puberty?
solid cords until puberty
site of spermatogenesis
The epithelium of the seminiferous tubules sit on what?
a basement membrane and connective tissue sheath
Between the seminiferous tubules you have interstitial space where you will find the (blank).
leydig cells (or interstitial cells) make testosterone*
The sertoli cells of the testis are all connected to each other through junctional complexes. T or F
T
Spermatogenesis occurs in portions of seminiferous tubules in (blank) which is referred to as the cycles of the seminiferous tubules.
waves
spermatogoonia have synchronous development via (blank)
intercellular bridges
how many days does it take for spermatogenesis to occur?
74 days in humans
What 2 hormones are needed for spermatogenesis?
FSH and testosterone
What 2 hormones are need for testosterone production?
LH and prolactin
Where do spermatogoonia come from?
yolk sac
(blank) stem cells undergo mitosis and become spermatogoonia
Type A primitive
(blank) stem cells undergo meiosis (haploid 23 chromosomes) and become secondary spermatocytes
Type B stem cells
Where does crossing over occur?
in primary spermatocytes
Explain spermatogenesis
type A primitive stem cells-> spermatogonia->Type B stem cells-> primary spermatocytes-> secondary spermatocytes-> spermatids supported by sertoli cells-> spermiogenesis-> spermatozoa.