Histamine Antagonists and Proton Pump Inhibitors Flashcards
Cimetidine
Histamine H2 receptor antagonist
Histamine H2 receptor antagonist MOA
Blocks histamine H2 receptors and decreases gastric acid secretion
Cimetidine Side Effects
Gynecomastia with long-term use and in some incidences impotence
Ranitidine
Histamine H2 receptor antagonist
Ranitidine Side Effects
Rare but include agitation, anemia, confusion and depression
Omeprazole
PPI (proton pump inhibitor)
PPI (Proton pump inhibitor) MOA
Inhibits H+/K+ pump (proton pump) in the gastric parietal cells
PPI [Omeprazole, Rabeprazole] contraindications
Can increase concentrations of diazepam, warfarin, and phenytoin by decreasing their clearance by the liver; PPIs can reduce absorption of ketoconazole and increase absorption of digoxin
Rabeprazole
PPI (proton pump inhibitor)
Omeprazole Side Effects
Diarrhea, nausea, skin rash, dizziness
Rabeprazole Side Effects
Headache
Sucralfate
Mucosal Protective Agent
Mucosal Protective Agent (Sucralfate) MOA
Binds selectively to necrotic tissue to form a barrier against gastric acid
Sucralfate Contraindications
Can decrease absorption of cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, digoxin, ofloxacin, ranitidine if given simultaneously with Sucralfate
Grapefruit promotes absorption of Al in sucralfate–problem in patients with renal insufficiency/failure
Sucralfate Side Effects
Minor: constipation, flatulance, dry mouth, diarrhea, nausea
