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Pharm > Androgens > Flashcards

Androgens Flashcards

1
Q

Where are androgens synthesized?

A

95% testis (Leydig cells)

5% adrenal glands

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2
Q

Androgens are synthesized by circulating____

A

cholesterol

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3
Q

What are the metabolic effects of androgens?

A

Erythropoiesis
Decreased synthesis of clotting factors
Decrease HDL, increase LDL

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4
Q

Therapeutic uses of androgens

A

HRT in primary or secondary hypogonadism
Induction of puberty in delayed matruation
Osteoporosis in males

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5
Q

Testosterone enanthate/ Testosterone cypionate

Indication

A

Hypogonadism

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6
Q

Testosterone enanthate/ Testosterone cypionate

MOA (i.e. effects on the body)

A 
Growth/maturation of prostate, seminal vesicles, penis, scrotum
Development of male hair distribution
Laryngeal development
Vocal cord thickening
Alterations in body musculature
Fat distribution
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7
Q

Testosterone enanthate/ Testosterone cypionate

Side Effects

A 
Cholestatic jaundice syndrome
Liver carcinoma
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Prostate cancer
Gynecomastia
Acne
Headache
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8
Q

Testosterone enanthate/ Testosterone cypionate

Contraindications

A

Breast cancer in men
Prostate cancer
Pregnancy

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9
Q

Testosterone enanthate/ Testosterone cypionate

Which route of administration is preferred?

A

Transdermal to prevent first pass hepatic metabolism

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10
Q

Androgen Receptor Antagonists

A

Flutamide

Spironolactone

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11
Q

Androgens used in HRT

A

Testosterone enanthate/ Testosterone cypionate

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12
Q

Flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist) indication

A

Metastatic prostate cancer

BPH

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13
Q

Flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist) MOA

A

Competitive inhibitor of DHT and T binding to receptor

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14
Q

Flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist) Side Effects

A 
Hepatotoxicity**
Hematopoietic disorders*
Diarrhea
Nausea
Rash
Hot flashes
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15
Q

Flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist) Contraindication

A

Severe hepatic impairment

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16
Q

Which is the best for the treatment of prostate cancer?
A. Leuprolide
B. DES
C. Flutamide

A

Flutamide

17
Q

Spironolactone (Androgen receptor antagonist) Indications

A 
Hirsutism
Hypertension
Acne
Edema (CHF)
Cirrhosis /nephrotic syndrome
Hypokalemia
18
Q

Spironolactone (Androgen receptor antagonist) MOA

A

Competitive inhibition of DHT and T binding to receptor

19
Q

Spironolactone (Androgen receptor antagonist) Side Effects

A 
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
Hyperkalemic metabolic acidosis*
Agranulocytosis
SLE
Gynecomastia
Dyspepsia
Lethargy
Abnormal menstruation
Impotence
Rash
20
Q

Spironolactone (Androgen receptor antagonist) Contraindications

A

Anuria
Hyperkalemia
Acute renal insufficiency

21
Q

Spironolactone (Androgen receptor antagonist) Therapeutic consideration

A

An aldosterone receptor antagonist and also an androgen receptor antagonist

22
Q

Inhibitors of Peripheral Testosterone Conversion to DHT

A

Finasteride

23
Q

Finasteride (inhibitor of Peripheral Testosterone Conversion to DHT) Indication

A

BPH

Androgenic alopecia

24
Q

Finasteride (inhibitor of Peripheral Testosterone Conversion to DHT) MOA

A

Selective inhibition of type II 5-a reductase (converts T to DHT in prostate, liver, skin)

25
Q

Finasteride (inhibitor of Peripheral Testosterone Conversion to DHT) side effects

A

Breast tenderness
Decreased libido
Erectile dysfunction
Ejaculatory disorder

26
Q

Finasteride (inhibitor of Peripheral Testosterone Conversion to DHT) Contraindication

A

Pregnancy

Women

27
Q

Finasteride (inhibitor of Peripheral Testosterone Conversion to DHT) therapeutic consideration

A

Improves urine flow
Alternative to tranurethral resection of prostate (TURP)
25% reduction of prostate size
Most effective on large prostates

Pharm (20 decks)

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