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Pharm > Antiparasitic Agents > Flashcards

Antiparasitic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Chloroquine MOA

A

Prevents polymerization of heme

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2
Q

Chloroquine SE

A

pruritis

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3
Q

Where are chloroquine susceptible P. falciparum found?

A

Central America, Caribbean, Middle East

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4
Q

Mefloquine Indication

A

Prophylaxis and treatment of all forms of malaria (including chloroquine resistant p. fal)

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5
Q

Mefloquine SE

A

Neuropsychiatric toxicity (black box warning)

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6
Q

Malarone (Atovaquone + Proguanil) MOA

A

Inhibits parasite mitochondrial electron transport

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7
Q

Malarone (Atovaquone + Proguanil) Indications

A

Better tolerated than mefloquine for prophylaxis

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8
Q

Doxycycline MOA

A

Protein syntesis inhibition

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9
Q

Doxycycline Indication

A

DOC for prophylaxis against mefloquine-resistant p. fal

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10
Q

Doxycycline SE

A

Dental issues (DO NOT give to pregnant or children)

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11
Q

Quine and Quinidine Indication

A

Severe disease with chloroquine resistant p. fal

Must use with 2nd agent (doxycycline)

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12
Q

Quinine and Quinidine SE

A

Cinchonism (headache, nausea, visual disturbance, tinnitus, dizzy)

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13
Q

What is safe in pregnant?

A

Quinine

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14
Q

Primaquine Indication

A

Exoerythrocytic forms of vivax and ovale

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15
Q

Primaquine Contraindications

A

G6PD deficiency > hemolysis

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16
Q

Artemisinin MOA

A

production of toxic free radicals in parasite food vacuole

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17
Q

ACT: Artimisinin combination therapy

A

Use with mefloquine

18
Q

Chloroquine Indication

A

Prophylaxis: only in areas without resistant p. falciparum
Treatment: p. malariae, p. vivax and p. ovale (add primaquine), CQ sensitive p. fal

19
Q

Treatment of CQ-sensitive p. fal

A

Cloroquine

20
Q

Treatment of p. vivax and ovale

A

Chloroquine + Primaquine

21
Q

Treatment of CQ-R p. fal, uncomplicated

A

Atovaquone-proguanil (malarone)
Artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem)
Quinine + doxy, tetra, clinda
Mefloquine

22
Q

Malaria Prevention

A 
CQ (w/o res p. fal)
Mefloquine
Atovaquone + proguanil (malarone)
Doxycycline
Primaquine (p. vivax, ovale)
23
Q

Treatment of CQ-R p. fal, complicated

A

Quinidine + doxy, clinda
Artemisinin drugs
Transfusion if parasite >10%

24
Q

Complicated malaria defintion

A

coma, severely altered mental status, parasitemia >5%, seizures, respiratory distress, shock

25
Q

Rx Amebiasis

A

Asymptomatic: Iodoquinol or Paromomycin

Colitis, liver abscess, ameboma: metronidazole + luminal agent

26
Q

Rx Giardiasis

A

Metronidazole, nitazoxanide, albendazole

27
Q

Rx Cryptosporidiosis

A

Restore immune response in HIV

Nitazoxanide

28
Q

Rx Toxoplasmosis

A

Pyrimethamine + Sulfadiazine or clinda

29
Q

Rx Leishmaniasis

A

Sodium Stibogluconate

Amphotericin B

30
Q

Rx Trypanosomiasis

A

African: Suramin, melarsoprol,
American: Nifurimox

31
Q

Nifurtimox AE

A

COMMON: GI, rash, CNS

32
Q

Rx Neurocysticercosis (taenia solium)

A

Albendazole, Praziquantel

33
Q

Albendazole SE

A

Elevated aminotransferases, GI effects

34
Q

Praziquantel CI

A

ocular cysticercosis

35
Q

Mebendazole CI

A

first trimester, children under two

36
Q

Pyrantel Pamoate Indication

A

pinworm, ascaris, hookworm

37
Q

Pyrantel Pamoate MOA

A

depolarizing neuromuscular blocking > worm paralysis

38
Q

Rx Filariasis

A

Diethylcarbamazine

39
Q

Rx Onchoceriasis

A

Ivermectin

40
Q

Ivermectin Indication

A

Strongyloidiasis and onchocerciasis

41
Q

Ivermectin MOA

A

Paralyzes nematodes/arthropods (GABA mediated signals)

42
Q

Ivermectin AE

A

Hypersensitivity from worm death (Mazotti reaction)

Pharm (20 decks)

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