Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

Question 1

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

Answer 1

Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Famotidine

Question 2

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

Answer 2

Block the release of hydrochloric acid in response to gastrin

Question 3

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

                           Actions

Answer 3

Selectively block histamine-2 receptor sites

This blocking leads to a reduction in gastric acid secretion and reduction in overall pepsin production

Question 4

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

                              Indications

Answer 4

Short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcer or benign gastric ulcer

Treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions such as Zollinger–Ellison syndrome

Prophylaxis of stress-induced ulcers and acute upper GI bleeding in critical patients

Treatment of erosive gastroesophageal reflux

Relief of symptoms of heartburn, acid indigestion, and sour stomach (OTC preparations)

Question 5

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

                                  Contraindications

Answer 5

Known allergy

Question 6

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

                           Caution

Answer 6

Pregnancy or lactation

Hepatic or renal dysfunction

Question 7

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

                            Adverse Effects

Answer 7

GI effects
CNS effects
Cardiac arrhythmias and hypotension

Question 8

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

               .
                 Drug-Drug Interactions

Answer 8

Warfarin, 
phenytoin, 
beta blockers
alcohol
quinidine
lidocaine 
theophylline
chloroquine
benzodiazepines
 nifedipine, 
pentoxifylline
tricyclics
 procainamide
carbamazepine

Question 9

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

                                Assessment

Answer 9

History
Allergy
Pregnancy and lactation
Impaired renal or hepatic function

Physical
Neurological status, including orientation and affect for adverse effect

Cardiopulmonary status including pulse and blood pressure

Abdominal assessment

Appropriate lab values

Question 10

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

                              Nursing D/X

Answer 10

Acute pain

Disturbed sensory perception (kinesthetic, auditory)

Risk for injury

Decreased cardiac output

Deficient knowledge

Question 11

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

                         Implementation

Answer 11

Administer oral drug with or before meals and at bedtime

Decreased dose if hepatic or renal dysfunction

Monitor the patient closely if giving IV

Assess the patient carefully for any potential drug–drug interactions

Provide comfort, including analgesics, ready access to bathroom facilities, and assistance with ambulation

Safety measures

Provide patient teaching

Question 12

Histamine-2 (H2) Antagonists

                   Evaluation

Answer 12

Patient response

Effectiveness of teaching plan

Effectiveness of comfort measures

Compliance