hist 1017, infastructure and empire: Qin, Han, and Roman examples

Question 1

what do empires entail?

Answer 1

Empires often shape the identity of the people who live here.

Question 2

What types of instituations does an empire need?

Answer 2

• Bureaucracy.Taxes, money, admiration is how the government gets money. Physical administration = Infrastructure.

Question 3

How did the Qin establish themselves?

Answer 3

One of the 7 states. Overtook the zhou dynasty.

Question 4

Who was the first emperor

Answer 4

Zheng of Qin. Declared himself.

Question 5

what was the first empire like?

Answer 5

Qin. Governors. power dependant on the emperor. clerks register common people. all men must serve. built a wall to stop nomads

Question 6

What did the qin standardize?

Answer 6

Emperor pushed to standardize currency, weights/measures, axel length (same ruts in the road, fits the road), writing script.
Made communication and control easier.

Question 7

What philosophies did qin favor?

Answer 7

Leagalism. Strict laws and punsihments.

Question 8

why did li si recommend burning books?

Answer 8

The advisor to the king wanted to put in place preventative measures and conserve the status of the empire.

Question 9

What was the terracotta army?

Answer 9

6,000 soldiers statues buried with the emperor to protect him in the afterlife
A lot of time and resources. Each soldier looks different

Question 10

What happened when the Qin fell?

Answer 10

Emperor dies. revolts break out, and a commoner, Han, declares himself emperor. Claims the mandate of heaven

Question 11

How was the Han a model empire?

Answer 11

kept standardization, but in a morally better way. expansive growing empire, pushing the boundaries.

Question 12

What is the dynastic cycle?

Answer 12

rise and fall of Chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of Heaven

Question 13

What bureaucracy did the han empire have?

Answer 13

Tight alliance between the Confucians scholars and the Han empire. Very centralized bureaucracy. Rulers were attentive to administrative control
Empirical University, develop paper

Question 14

How did the han use confusian ideology?

Answer 14

Foundation was the welfare of the people. Heaven speaks through the people, they can turn away from the rulers. Mandate is lost if the people are unhappy

Question 15

What socail changed emerged in Han China?

Answer 15

City organization, grid patterns, markets are public areas, wide avenues for horses and carriages. In home entertainment. Exploration of patriarchy. Works written telling people how to behave

Question 16

How did the Han dynasty expansion affect trade?

Answer 16

Silk road became safer as the empire expanded. 100,000 troups in the standing guard.

Question 17

who were the Xiongnu?

Answer 17

Nomads at the Han’s borders. They followed herds of horses, had lots of horse strength. Highly disciplined army.

Question 18

Who was Wang Mang?

Answer 18

Took over Han to help the poor. Institues land reform for the poor. lots of population development. During his rain the river flood so he is seen to lose the mandate of heaven.

Question 19

What were the fondations of Rome?

Answer 19

Large population. Centered around a sea. Rely on violence to gain control.

Question 20

What was the beginning expansion of rome like?

Answer 20

took over the italian penisula. People moving down from nothern and central europe, moving to spain. Invaders took over and then left, but left the power open.

Question 21

WHat was special about the roman military?

Answer 21

Best at killing. recruited soldiers from the people they overtook.

Question 22

What were the punic wars?

Answer 22

A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146 B.C.); resulted in the destruction of Carthage and Rome’s dominance over the western Mediterranean.

Question 23

How was Rome politically organized?

Answer 23

The roman republic. senate, consuls, tribunes of the plebs (protect por), dictators (temporay in times of crisis)

Question 24

who was julis caesar

Answer 24

roman dictaor, declared himself dicator for like during civil war. killed and stabbed by his haters

Question 25

who was Augustus?

Answer 25

Named himself roman emperor. no central beuraucracy under him, hired companies to take taxes.

Question 26

What is an urban empire?

Answer 26

rome. as elites gained power they kicked out poorer people, these people lead revolts and created internal conflict.

Question 27

what was the municipal charter?

Answer 27

Document that legally creates the town/charter
-Rights promised to the people in the town
-Belonging to the town gets you things
-Constitution. Governs how responsibility will work

Question 28

why were pompeii and herculaneum so imortant?

Answer 28

Showed us city life. Pets, central planning, two story houses, walled towns, sanitation

Question 29

What was roman town life like?

Answer 29

bad sewage, aqueducts, food supply from empire, disease and crime, two entertainment sites

Question 30

what was roman entertainement like?

Answer 30

Theatres and circus

Question 31

What were ampitheaters? colosseum?

Answer 31

Amphitheaters were circular and most famous was the Colosseum. Colosseum was used for hunts, naval battles, 50,000 seats, shade. Gladiators fought and people loved the gladiators like celebrities

Question 32

what were Roman roads like?

Answer 32

many roads connecting trade and communication. Flagstones, well drained, paving stones, two lanes of traffic, through mountains. mile markers