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Modern West > HIS2113 The Modern West: From the Renaissance to WWII First Exam Study Guid > Flashcards

HIS2113 The Modern West: From the Renaissance to WWII First Exam Study Guid Flashcards

1
Q

Timur the Lame

A

Mongolian Khan from Iran, from 1336-1404

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2
Q

Ferdinand and Isabella

A

1.) United Aragon and Castile as spain 2.) Reconquista 3.) Hired Columbus to find an western route to india. 4.) Grandparents of Carlos I (Charles V)

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3
Q

The Medici Family

A

Prominent banking in Italy, ruled Florence hired many famous artists and had many popes come out of their family.

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4
Q

Petrarch

A

Rediscovered Cicero’s letters, was a famous poet, started the 14th century Renaissance.

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5
Q

Michelangelo

A

Sistine Chapel (Some of this), commisioned by the Medici family he was also a Sculptor, and Painter.

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6
Q

Leonardo Da Vinci

A

The Ideal Renaissance man was talented in sculpting painting and inventing. Famous works include the Vetruvian man, the mona lisa, and the Last supper.

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7
Q

Desiderius Erasmus

A

catholic priest humanist ninja, First person to publish thte new testament in greek.

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8
Q

Johannes Guetnberg

A

Inventor of the moveable type printing press

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9
Q

Wiliam Shakespeare

A

Writer and Poet out of Englands Renaissance.

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10
Q

Miguel de Cervantes

A

Author of Don Quixote of Spain.

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11
Q

Henry the Navigator

A

employed many portuguese explorations to Africa and the West

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12
Q

Vasco Da gama

A

First Portuguese man that sailed under the rains in Africa and sailed to India.

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13
Q

Amerigo Vespucci

A

Discovered America

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14
Q

Christopher Columbus

A

Sailed for spain and landed in the “West Indies” Cuba, and The Dominican Republic.

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15
Q

John Wycliffe

A

English Reformer who believed in a vernacular language for mass and translated the bible. He influenced the Bohemian reformer Jan Hus

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16
Q

Charles the V (Carlos I)

A

Charles the V was the Holy Roman Empire of Habsburg descent who also was the Heir to the spanish kingdom.

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17
Q

Andreas Karlstadt

A

Was a radical reformer during Luther’s era ordered the removal of vestiges and any art from the chapel in Wittenberg.

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18
Q

Ulrich Zwingli

A

Swiss reformer that believed that the Eucharist was not true body and blood, but rather just symbolic. He debated Luther at the Marburg Colloquy.

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19
Q

John Calvin

A

French Reformer, that sought refuge in Geneva switzerland, TULIP rather then LUTHER.

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20
Q

Henry VIII

A

Married many wives and divorced them started the Anglican church in England after he was not allowed an Annulment against Catherine of Aragon the aunt of Charles the V

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21
Q

Catherine of Aragon

A

Married Henry the VIII, and was the Aunt of Charles V. First female ambassador to the English Crown from Aragon.

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22
Q

Anne Boleyn

A

She was a beautiful young lady that Married Henry the VIII and was later beheaded by him for not giving him a heir.

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23
Q

Jane Seymour

A

One of Henry the VIII’s wives. She gave Henry his only male Heir and died shortly afer childbirth.

24
Q

Philip Melanchthon

A

Was a scholar that studied under Martin Luther, and continued the Reformation after Luther’s death. Authored the Augsburg Confession.

25
Q

Suleiman the Magnificent

A

Expanded the Ottoman empire all the way to Vienna, broke from Ottoman tradition and married a harem and ruled the mediterranean.

26
Q

Ignatius of Loyola

A

Founded the Jesuits

27
Q

Hernan Cortes

A

Spanish Conquistador who destroyed the Aztec empire with only 600 men.

28
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

Conquistador who conquered the Inca empire.

29
Q

Elizabeth I

A

Queen of England who grew up in France

30
Q

Phillip II

A

Son of Carlos I saw the rise and fall of Spanish power

31
Q

Manorial System (Feudalism)

A

Breakdown of the Manorial System

Kings

Nobles

Knights (Vassals)

Peasants

Lords and fiefs - own land

Vassals + Homage - manage land

serfs - work the land

32
Q

Merchants

A

Circumvented the guild system by getting charters to start their own towns where people could go buy goods.

33
Q

Mendicant Orders

A

differed from monastic orders in that they did not own the land they lived on and were poor and owned little to know property and everything they had was donated to them.

34
Q

Reconquista

A

Isabella and Ferdinand retaking spain from the moors

35
Q

Mysticism

A

imitation of christs life through voluntary poverty.

36
Q

Conciliarism

A

Movement to make Councils above popes, condemed Hus and Wycliffe .

37
Q

Anabatists

A

Believed that infant baptism was a heresy and only did adult baptism they also believed that christians should exclude themselves from society.

38
Q

Anglicanism

A

founded by Henry the VIII when the pope would not anull his marriage it is essentially the catholic church without the pope.

39
Q

Confessionalization

A

The cause for all the Lutheran Confession of faiths (Augsburg confession) gnesio lutherans vs. Phillipsts resulted in the Formula of Concord

40
Q

Conquistadores

A

Hernan cortes vs the Aztecs takes 600 men, and conquers the astecs whose Capital was 200,000 people strong.

41
Q

Black Legend

A

Historical publishing of a spanish priests works as propaganda demonizing the Spanish.

42
Q

Casta System

A

Hierarchy

  1. Penisulares (the people from Spain)
  2. Creoles (Spanish people born out of spain)
  3. indios
  4. Negros
  5. Mixed races of people.
43
Q

4th Lateran Council

A

Affirmed many of the Catholic beliefs more specifically Transubstantiation and Celibacy of Priests

44
Q

The Black Death

A

Bubonic plague the eliminated half of Europes population, came from China.

45
Q

Hundred Years War

A

Fought between France and England inconsisitently over a 100 year span

46
Q

Treaty Tordesillas

A

Made by the pope and split the New world between the Spanish and the Portuguese

47
Q

The Peasants War in Germany

A

Started by radical protestant thinking that resulted in the stripping of art and other things from the church and taught bible alone.

48
Q

Marburg Colloquy

A

Meeting setup by Phillip of Hesse between Martin Luther and Ulrich Zwingli, Ultimately no agreement to unite Protestantism was reached between Luther and Zwingli.

49
Q

War of the Roses

A

Henry tudor defeated Richard the III who was the Last Plantagenet.

50
Q

Italian wars

A

France vs. Habsburg in Italy

51
Q

Schmalkaldic War

A

Holy Roman emperor vs. The Lutheran Princes (United as the Schmalkald league)

52
Q

Peace of Augsburg

A

Princes within the Holy Roman Empire could decide if they wanted their province to be Lutheran, or Catholic.

53
Q

Council of Trent

A

Officially condemned protestantism and reaffirmed Transubstantion, Condemns Justification by faith and Sola Scriptura

54
Q

St. Bartholomews Day Massacre

A

Massacre arranged by Catherine de Medici of French Huguenots when the King of France was getting married to a protestant women.

55
Q

Eighty Years War

A

War started by the Netherlands after Phillip II ascended the crown lasted 80 years.

56
Q

Defeat of the Spanish Armada

A

Occured in 1588 at the hands of the English, they lost 1/2 of their fleet

57
Q

Edict of Nantes

A

Permitted the “reformed” to stay in France and worship peacebly but only in designated areas and could only sell their books and education in the designated areas

Modern West (8 decks)

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