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Modern West > HIS 2113 The Modern West: From the Renaissance to WWII Second Exam Study Guide > Flashcards

HIS 2113 The Modern West: From the Renaissance to WWII Second Exam Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Fredinand II (Holy Roman Emperor)

A

Habsburg
He started the Re-Catholicization of Bohemia.
Started the 30 years war.

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2
Q

Gustavus Adolphus

A

Swedish

Died in the battle of Lutzen (1632)

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3
Q

Cardinal Richelieu

A 
Regent of Louis XIV 
Joins the 30 year against the Habsburg
Assigned intendents to each French Province  
Curbed Huguenot autonomy 
Funded Gustavus Adolphus
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4
Q

Louis XIV

A

Absolutism (The King has… Absolute Authority)
Gallicanism (French Catholic church is under the authority of the King rather then the Pope while still remaining Catholic).

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5
Q

Ivan III

A

Grand prince of Mucovy
- Client state of the Mongols
Founded ROSS-I-YA
Expaneded ROSS-I-YA into Europe

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6
Q

Peter I

A 
Praised Western Civilization 
Attacked the Russian Orthodox Church 
Built a 200,000 army armed with Muskets and artillery 
Increased Taxes 5 fold
Became a Czar boy in 1696 
Absoultist
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7
Q

Charles I (of England)

A

Was forced to acknolwedge he doesnt have univesral right to levy taxes
intolerant of Protestants and Puritans
-1637 he forced Scottish Presybyterians to use Anglican worship books.
goaded Scotland to invade and lost.
convened the “short parliament”
Cavaliers ( Royalists)

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8
Q

Oliver Cromwell

A

Member of the HOuse of COmmons
beat charles at Naseby
became head of state
disbanded Rump parliament

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9
Q

John Locke

A

argued sovereignty belongs to the poeple, and they should choose to be ruled by a king.
English Bill of Rights (1689)
Man by nature is free, can form a government if they want.

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10
Q

Nicholas Copernicus

A

Heliocentricity from Prussia

Greshams Law

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11
Q

Johannes Kepler

A

Planetary Motion,

Scientific Revoltion

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12
Q

Galileo Galilei

A

Heliocentrism
Copernicansim
Two chief world systems
two new sciences

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13
Q

Francis Bacon

A

Attorney General, Lord Chancellor of England
Scientific Method
Father of Empiricism
Inductive reasoning

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14
Q

Rene Descartes

A

Father of Modern western Philosophy
Meditations of first philosphy
Cartesian Co-ordinate system named after him

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15
Q

Sir Isaac Newton

A

Philophia Naturalis Principia Mathematica

Reflecting Telescope

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16
Q

Philipp Spener

A

Lutheran Pietist
Pia Desideria
Live Godly lives

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17
Q

John Wesley

A

Holy Club
Started out as Anglican
Aldergate experience
Founder of Methodism

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18
Q

George Whitfield

A

Sinners in the hands of an Angry God
Evivalism
Venerated by the Episcopal Church
Calvinist

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19
Q

Frederick II

A

Most famous for his reorganization of the Prussian Army,
His success in the Seven years War,
and his patronage of the arts.

20
Q

Maria Theresa

A

Only Female Habsburg ruler, and consequently the last Habsburg ruler

21
Q

Catherine II

A 
Dethroned her husband and ruled Ross-I-YA
Subsidized French Encyclopaedia
Supported the foundaiton of schools
Ushered in Legal Reform
Expanded Russia's Land holdings
gave relief to the peasantry 
had a bastard child
22
Q

Baron de Montesquieu

A

Observed and Classified Politics

defined Republic, Monarchy, Despot

23
Q

Voltaire

A

Rule of Law, not men

Candide

24
Q

Jean-Jacque Rousseau

A

Government is all about equality

disagreed with Monarchy and Aristocracy

25
Q

David Hume

A

If all we can learn is what we see we wont know the laws of nature.

26
Q

Adam Smith

A

Wealth of Nations

Father of Capitalism

27
Q

Immanuel Kant

A

Idealism
Cant observe simply by observation
Thinking in our mind naturally organizes things
led Capernican Revolution.

28
Q

Mercantilism

A

Limited amount of wealth in the world

A country wants to export, more than import.

29
Q

Puritanism

A

A group of Anglicans that wanted to “Purify” the Anglican church of the Roman Catholicism in it.

30
Q

Arminianism

A

Gods foreknowledge of who will choose salvation

Jacob Arminius

31
Q

Pietism

A

The idea that Living Holy will bring salvation championed by the book Pia Desideria by Spener
Use the word more
personall confessors
reintroduce church meetings
Live Godly lives, and good students of the Bible

32
Q

Moravians

A

Founded by Zinzendorf
emphasize blood and side wound of Christ
missions all thorughout the world
break away from Lutheranism

33
Q

Methodism

A

Founded by John and Charles Wesley

dabbles in Arminianism and Calvinism

34
Q

Enlightened Absolutism

A

Rulers who were influenced by the enlightenment

Frederick the Great wrote an essay on it

35
Q

Dutch East India Company

A

Chartered by Netherlands Government
Given ability to write treaties with other countries
at peak had 50K employees and 10K soldiers

36
Q

Middle Passage

A

Part of the Atlantic Slave Trade
during this specific passage 10-20% of people died
was ran by England, Portugal, and France

37
Q

Deism

A

God exists, but does not directly interfere or interact with his creation

38
Q

Capitalism

A

The economic system of a free market that controls prices through supply and demand, authored Adam smith, unlimited wealth in the wold.

39
Q

The Defenstration of prague

A

Ferdinand II sent a delegation to Bohemia that they were to return to Catholicism and the embassy was stormed by nobles and they were thrown out of windows into a animal pen.

40
Q

Peace of Westphalia

A

ended war between Protestants and Catholics
Allowed Germany to remain individual states, HRE was basically a name only
Disolved the hapsburgs family and spain
liberated Switzerland and the Dutch

41
Q

Glorious Revolution

A 
Parliament asked William of Orange and Mary to come and rule England (they were protestant thats why) 
Invaded England on behalf of parliament
Bloodless war
English Bill of Rights
Constitutional compromize
42
Q

Acts of Union

A

Britain and Scotland joined by king and parliament

43
Q

War of Spanish Succession

A

Cause by Charles II being infirm and Louis XIV putting Phillip II on the throne caused a war that allowed ended with Treaty of utrecht, with the netherlands becoming free

44
Q

War of Austrian Succcesion

A

Precursor of the 7 years war, allowed Maria Theresa to become Archduchess and Prusia kept Silesia

45
Q

Seven years war

A

First “World Wide War”
Started with Washingtons slaughter of a french army in Virgina
American Theatre “French and Indian War”
European Theater “Austria v Prussia”
Other Theaters “ India, Carribbean, and Spain vs. England in the phillipines.

46
Q

Treaty of paris

A

France essentially loses all holdings in America
Spain loses Florida and gets part of Louisiana
George III limits how far Colonists can go into the frontier to aovid another war like the seven year war.

Modern West (8 decks)

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