Hips and Pelvis Flashcards
what makes up the bony pelvis
coxal bones
sacrum
coccyx
what are coxal bones
ilium
ischium
pubis
acetabulum
obturator foramen
what 3 bones does the acetabulum connect
ilium
pubis
ischium
concave sacrum
anterior/ventral surface
convex sacrum
posterior/dorsal surface
coccyx
-4 fused vertebrae
-base is superior
-apex is inferior
-no nerves
anterior pelvic outlet
ischial tuberosities
ischiopubic rami
pubic symphysis
posterior pelvic outlet
sacrotuberous ligament
sacrum
coccyx
female pelvis
-wider
-more shallow
-larger opening
-sacrum flattened anteriorly
pubic arch
-angle at anterior inferior pelvis
-female-thumb and index
-male-index and middle
Q-angle
-overall line of force of quadriceps
-wider pelvis increases angle
-increased medial knee stress
fovea
-depression at femur head
-attachment for ligament of head
femur neck
projects superomedially from shaft
hip joint
-synovial articulation between head of femur and acetabulum
-multi axial ball and socket for stability and weight bearing
-flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rot, lateral rot, circumduction
femoroacetabular joint consists of
acetabulum surface and femoral head with hyaline cartilage
acetabular labrum
-deepens the socket
-fibrocartilage
fovea- ligamentum teres
-runs from central of femoral head to inferior rim of acetabulum
-carries small branch of obturator artery
hip joint capsule
-attaches to borders of the articular surfaces of the femur and acetabulum
-forms covering around the ligamentum teres
-reinforced by ligaments
what are the anterior ligaments of the hip joint
-iliofemoral
-pubofemoral
-inguinal
iliofemoral ligament
-Y ligament
-ilium inferior to ASIS to anterior femur
-prevents excessive extension
pubofemoral limagent
-from pubic portion of acetabular ring to anterior femur
prevents excessive abduction
inguinal
-medial ASIS to later pubic tubercle
what is the posterior ligament of the hip joint
-ischiofemoral- from ischial rim to acetabulum to anterior joint capsule and femur, prevents excessive extension
arterial circulation
-right common iliac artery
-left common iliac artery
internal common iliac artery becomes…
internal becomes the obturator artery
external common iliac arteries becomes…
external becomes the femoral artery
femoral triangle
-structure within femoral triangle from medial to lateral
-N- femoral nerve
-A- femoral artery
-V- femoral vein
-L- lymphatics
where does the femoral artery descend
deep through thing, passes through adductor hiatus to become popliteal artery
posterior arteries
-inferior gluteal arteries
-superior gluteal arteries
-enter gluteal region from pelvic cavity through greater sciatic foramen
superior gluteal artery
-originates from posterior trunk of internal iliac artery
-divides into superficial and deep branch
-superficial branch passes through deep surface of gluteus maximus
-deep branch passes between gluteus medius and minimus muscle
inferior gluteal artery
-originates from anterior trunk of internal iliac artery in pelvic cavity
-exits pelvic cavity with inferior gluteal nerve through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis muscle
veins
-inferior and superior gluteal veins follow the inferior superior gluteal arteries into pelvis where they join the pelvic plexus
lymphatics
-deep lymphatic vessels of the gluteal region accompany the blood vessels into pelvic cavity and connect with internal iliac nodes
fascia compartments
-fascia lata- envelopes entire thigh
-3 intermuscular septa divide thigh into 3 compartments
-all 3 septa attach to linea aspera
-posterior- hamstrings
-medial- adductors
-anterior quadriceps
femoral triangle boarders
-inguinal ligament
-adductor longus
-sartorius
structures in femoral triangle
NAVL
obturator nerve
-arises from lumbar plexus
-anterior branch
-posterior branch
-branches innervate adductor longus, adductor braves, gracilis, obturator externs, anterior adductor magnus
anterior branch of obturator nerve
-deep to adductor longus
-superficial to adductor brevis
posterior branch of obturator nerve
-pierces obturator externus
-passes superficially to adductor magnus
trochanteric bursa
-separates gluteus maximus from greater trochanter
gluteofemoral bursa
-separtaes gluteus maximus and medius from proximal attachment of vastus lateralis at greater trochanter
ischial bursa
-separates gluteal maximus from ischial tuberosity
iliopsoas bursa
separates iliopsoas front hip capsule
gluteus medius bursa
-separates gluteus medius from greater trochanter
