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242 > Hip test > Flashcards

Hip test Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two holes on the pelvis called?

A

Obturator foramina

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2
Q

What is the large hole called?

A

Cavity or inlet or true pelvis

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3
Q

4 parts of the hip bone

A

Ilium on top
Ischium on outer
Pubis inner
Acetabulum is where femur head sits and where previous three meet

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4
Q

What is another name for the iliac wing?

A

Ala

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5
Q

What are the two sections of the pubis?

A

Superior ramus and inferior ramus

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6
Q

What is the section on the ischium that is to the right of the inferior ramus on the pubis?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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7
Q

Eval criteria for AP pelvis

A

Entire pelvis and proximal femoral included

No rotation of pelvis

Lesser trochanters not visible (or minimal)

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8
Q

How to do bilateral modified cleaves projection

A

Abduct femora 20-30 degrees-less distortion of femoral neck

CR 3 inches below level of ASIS

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9
Q

Eval criteria for modified cleaves

A

Pelvic girdle centered horizontally

No rotation of pelvis

Lesser trochanters equal in size

Great trochanters superimposed over femoral neck

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10
Q

Eval criteria AP unilateral hip and proximal femur

A

Proximal 1/3 of femur included

Hip joint space and acetabulum visualized

Lesser trochanters not visible

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11
Q

What happens to the femoral neck on a frog leg projection when the leg is abducted at 90 degrees?

A

The femoral neck is forshortened

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12
Q

What is best degree of abduction of leg for frog method?

A

30 degrees

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13
Q

What projections do you do for suspected fracture or dislocation of pelvis?

A

Limited AP and axiolateral (danelius-Miller)

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14
Q

Injury that occurs on the opposite side of impact?

A

Contrecoup

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15
Q

If laying on back and one foot splayed out when other is normal what does that mean?

A

Fracture of hip

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16
Q

When do you do bilateral modified cleaves?

A

Children with hip dysphasia

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17
Q

What position shows the anterior ilioichial column and posterior rim?

A

LPO downside Judet

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18
Q

What position shows posterior ilioschial column and anterior rim?

A

RPO downside

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19
Q

How position AP axial inlet projection?

A

CR 40 degrees caudad (toward feet) at level of ASIS

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20
Q

Eval criteria for AP axial inlet

A

Ischial spines demonstrated and equal

Pelvic inlet centered

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21
Q

How do AP axial outlet projection?

A

CR cephalad (toward head) 20-35 (males) or 30-45 (females)

CR centered 2 inches distal to symphysis pubis

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22
Q

Eval for AP axial outlet

A

Elongated and magnified pubic and ischial bones

No rotation of pelvis

Pubic and Ischial bones centered to collimation field

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23
Q

Condition that occurs when there is loss of blood to the bone

A 
Avascular necrosis (AVN) 
Or aseptic necrosis

Most commonly occurs in hip

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24
Q

Axiolateral (inferosuperior) danelius-Miller method

A

CR perpendicular to midfemoral neck

IR parallel to alignment of anatomic neck

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25
Q

Eval criteria for danelius-Miller

A

Entire femoral head, neck, and acetabulum visualized

No visible grid lines

Compensating filter recommended

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26
Q

What is a dislocated joint called in the hip?

A

Hip dysplasia

Caused by shallow acetabulum
Baby-children

27
Q

AP axial SI joints projection

A

CR 30-35 degrees cephalad

CR 2 inches below level of ASIS

28
Q

Eval criteria AP axial SI joints

A

Sacroiliac joint center to collimation field

SI joint spaces and L5-S1 Junction open

29
Q

Posterior oblique SI joints

A

Elevate affected side 25-30 degrees (oblique)

CR perpendicular 1 inch medial to ASIS

30
Q

Eval criteria posterior oblique SI joints

A

Sacroiliac joints of interest open

Ala of ilium not overlapping over sacrum

31
Q

Xiphoid process at what spine level?

A

T9-T10

32
Q

Sternum parts top to bottom

A 
sternoclavicular joint
Manubrium
Stern AP angle
Body
Xiphoid process
33
Q

Spine level of jugular notch

A

T2-T3

34
Q

Spine level of sternal angle

A

T4-T5

35
Q

Spine level of costophrenic angles

A

L2-L3

36
Q

True ribs

A

1-7

37
Q

False ribs

A

8-12

38
Q

Floating ribs

A

11-12

39
Q

What connects ribs 1-10 to the sternum? (The anterior end of the rib)

A

Costal cartilage

40
Q

What position best demonstrates the sternum?

A

RAO

With orthostatic breathing

41
Q

RAO sternum projection

A

15-20 degree RAO

CR 1 inch left of midline midway between jugular Mitch and xiphoid process

42
Q

Eval criteria for RAO sternum

A

Entire sternum visualized

Superimposed over heart

Correct rotation

43
Q

PA sternoclavicular joints projection

A

True PA

CR perpendicular to T2-T3 (3 inches distal to vertebra prominens)

44
Q

Eval criteria for PA SC joints

A

Medial portion of clavicles and SC joints visualized

No rotation

45
Q

Anterior oblique RAO for right SC joint

A

10-15 rotation

CR level to T2-T3

46
Q

Eval criteria for RAO

A

Manubrium and medial clavicle visible
SC joint open and shifted away from spine
Right SC joint demonstrated

47
Q

Ribs AP above diaphragm

A

CR 3-4 inches below jugular notch
Expose on full inspirations
Erect preferred

48
Q

Eval criteria AP ribs above diaphragm

A

1st to 10th posterior ribs visualized above diaphragm

No motion

No rotation

49
Q

AP ribs below diaphragm

A

CR midway between xiphoid process and lower ribs

Recumbent preferred

Expose on expiration

50
Q

Eval criteria AP ribs below diaphragm

A

9-12 ribs visualized
No motion
No rotation

51
Q

Best positioning for axillary ribs

A

Rotate spine away from area of interest to elongate

52
Q

Flail chest

A

Segment of rib case breaks due to trauma and becomes detached from chest wall. Produces paradoxical movement. When inhale the segment sinks inward. When exhale is bulges outward. (Opposite of normal)

53
Q

Sternal deformities

A

Pectus excavatum (concaved chest)

Pectus carinatum (cartilage growth)

54
Q

How many degrees is the proximal femur rotated internally for AP hip to overcome anteversion?

A

15-20 degrees

55
Q

Line between greater and lesser trochanters on femur?

A

Intertrocanteric crest

56
Q

CR for AP pelvis

A

Midway between ASIS and symphysis pubis

57
Q

The ilia articulate with the sacrum posteriorly at the?

A

Sacroiliac joint

58
Q

How many degrees of rotation are needed for an oblique projection of the ribs?

A

35-40 degrees

59
Q

How many ribs attach directly to the sternum?

A

7

60
Q

How much is the body rotated for the PA oblique of the SC joint?

A

10-15 degrees

61
Q

Which structures articulate to form the costovertebral joint?

A

Head of the rib, vertebral joint

62
Q

Depression or pit in head of femur

A

Fovea capitis

63
Q

Judet: downside vs upside shown

A

Downside: RPO: anterior rim and posterior (ilioischial) column

Upside: LPO: posterior rim and anterior (iliopubic) column

242 (5 decks)

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