HIP/PELVIS I.A. Flashcards
PELVIS CONSISTS OF ____ BONES:
NAMES: ________________________________________
HIP BONE AKA:
DIVISIONS OF PELVIS & LOCATION:
What is the acetabulum?
4 BONES, 2 HIP BONES (INNOMINATE), SACRUM & COCCYX
-HIP = INNOMINATE
ILLEUM - SUPERIOR
ISCHIUM - INFERIOR/POSTERIOR
PUBIS - INFERIOR & ANTERIOR
ACETABULUM = socket of hip joint
WHAT FORMS OBTURATOR FORAMEN?
PROXIMAL FEMUR CONSIST OF: _______, ________, ______ & __________
HEAD & NECK OF FEMUR FORM ______* ANGLE.
________ - LOCATED SUPERIOR/LATERALLY
________-LOCATED MEDIALLY/POSTERIORLY
________- THICK RIDGE JOINS TROCHANTERS
ISCHIUM & PUBIS
-HEAD, NECK, GREATER & LESSER TROCHANTER
15-20* ANTERIOR ANGLE
-GREATER TROCHANTER
-LESSER TROCHANTER
- INTERTROCHANTERIC CREST
AP PELVIS - GUIDELINES
- Greater trochanters in profile
- Lesser trochanters should not be visible /
should be superimposed bY femoral necks - Femoral necks without foreshortening
- Symmetric appearance of the iliac wings
(alae), ischial spines and two obturator
foramina - Iliac wings are partially foreshortened
MALE VS FEMALE PELVIS
FEMALE = WIDER, SHALLOWER, LIGHTER
- FLARED, INLET ROUNDER & ARCH IS 90*<
-OBSTRUCTOR FORAMEN - SMALLER
- PELVIC INLET - LARGER
MALE = NARROWER, DEEPER & HEAVIER
-LESS FARE, ARCH <90*
- PELVIC INLET MORE OVAL/ HEART SHAPED
WHY ROTATE FEET INTERNALLY ON AP PELVIS?
HOW MUCH ROTATION?
WHAT DOES FORESHORTENED OR CLOSED OBTURATOR FORAMEN INDICATE?
SACRUM & COCCYX MOVE IN WHAT DIRECTION WITH ROTATION?
INTERNAL ROTATION BRINGS GREATER TROCHANTER IN PROFILE, AND LESS FORESHORTENED ANATOMY
15*
-ROTATION IN THAT DIRECTION
-OPPOSITE DIRECTION (POINTING TO RIGHT, LEFT ROTATION)
ANAYLZE AP PELVIIS
-ROTATION IN LPO
- RIGHT ILIAC WING FORESHORTEN
- LEFT OBTURATOR FORAMEN MORE FORESHORTEN
- SACRUM & COCCYX ROTATED TOWARD RIGHT HIP
ANALYZE AP PELVIS
-ROTATION IN RPO
- LEFT ILIAC WING FORESHORTEN
- RIGHT OBTURATOR FORAMEN MORE FORESHORTEN
- SACRUM & COCCYX ROTATED TOWARD LEFT HIP
EVALUATE AP PELVIS
-FEET PLACED VERTICALLY
- FEMORAL NECKS PARTIALLY FORESHORTENED
- LESSER TORCHANTER IN PARTIAL PROFILE
EVALUATE AP PELVIS
-FEET EXTERNALLY ROTATED
- FEMORAL NECKS GREATLY FORESHORTEN
- LESSER TROCHANTER IN PROFILE INTERNALLY
COMPARE THREE AP PELVIS’ - FOOT POSITION
IMAGE 1: GOOD** 15-20* MEDIAL ROTATION
- LESSER TROCHANTERS NOT/ MIN. VISIBLE
- FEMORAL NECK NOT FORESHORTENED
IMAGE 2: FEET VERTICAL
- LESSER TROCHANTER PARTIALLY VISIBLE
- FEMORAL NECK PARTIALLY FORESHORTEN
IMAGE 3: FEET EXTERNALLY ROTATED
- LESSER TROCHANTER IN PROFILE
- FEMORAL NECK FORESHORTENED GREATLY
IF DISLOCATION OR FEMORAL FRACTURE, WHAT POSITIONING CHANGES?
IF IMAGING ORTHOPEDIC APPLIANCE, WHAT POSITIONING CHANGES?
DO OT INTERNALLY ROTATE FEET, LEAVE AS IS
INCLUDE ALL EQUIPTMENT - MAY NEED CLIP ILIA
AP FROG-LEG PELVIS GUIDELINES
- Lesser trochanters in profile medially
- Most of greater trochanters superimp. over
femoral necks - Femoral necks foreshortened
ANALYZE AP FROG-LEG PELVIS
-LEFT SIDE ROTATED TOWARD IR (LPO)
- RIGHT ILIUM FORESHORTENED
- LEFT OBTURATOR FORAMEN MORE FORESHORTEN
- SACRUM & COCCYX ROTATED TOWARD RIGHT HIP
AP HIP GUIDELINES
- Greater trochanter in full profile laterally
- Femoral neck in profile w/o foreshortening
- Lesser trochanter superimp. by femoral neck
- Ischial spine is aligned with the pelvic brim
- Obturator foramen is open
ANALYZE AP HIP
-PELVIC ROTATION TOWARD AFFECTED HIP
- OBTURATOR FORAMEN FORSHORTEN
- LEFT ISCHIAL SPINE W/O PELVIC BRIM SUPERIMP
- SACRUM & COCCYX ROTATED AWAY FROM AFFECT HIP
-FOOT EXTERNALLY ROTATED