Hip Girdle Musculature/Abdomen Flashcards
iliopsoas O/I, action, innervation (iliacus, psoas maj.)
Iliacus O: iliac fossa and iliac crest
Psoas maj. O: transverse processes, bodies, and discs of T12-L5
I: lesser trochanter of femur
Action: flex hip/trunk, abduct hip, some lateral flexion of trunk
Innervation: L2-L3
Psoas minor O/I, action, innervation
O: vertebral bodies T12-L1, disc T12
I: pecten pubis/pectineal line, iliopubic eminence
Action: flex trunk
Innervation: ventral ramus L1
Sartorious O/I, action, innervation
O: ASIS
I: Pes anserine
Action: flex hip, knee, external rot.hip, abduct hip
Innervation: femoral L2, 3
Rectus femoris O/I, action, innervation
O: AIIS
I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
action: flex hip and extend knee
Innervation: femoral nerve L2-L4
Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius
Lateralis O: greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera
Medialis O: greater trochanter and medial lip of linea aspera
Intermedialis O: anterior and lateral surface of femur
I: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Action: extend knee
Innervation: Femoral nerve L2-4
Adductor brevis
O: inferior pubic ramus
I: upper 1/2 of linea aspera
Action: adduct hip, some hip flexion
Innervation: obturator nerve (L2-4)
adductor longus
O: anterior pubic ramus
I: middle of linea aspera
Action: adduct hip, flex hip
Innervation: obturator nerve (L2-4)
Adductor magnus
O: Ischial tuberosity, ischium, and pubic ramus
I: line from lesser trochanter to linea aspera, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle
Action: adduct hip, internally rotate hip, flex hip from extension, extend hip from flexion
Innervation: obturator and sciatic nerves (L2-L4)
Pectineus
O: superior pubic ramus
I: pectineal line (line from lesser trochanter to linea aspera)
Action: internally rotate, adduct, and flex hip
Innervation: obturator and femoral nerves (L2-3)
Gracilis
O: inferior pubic ramus
I: Pes anserine
Action: adduct and flex hip
Innervation: obturator nerve (L2-3)
Obturator externus
O: obturator foramen, external pubis and Ischium
I: trochanteric fossa of femur (btw. Greater and lesser)
Action: external rot hip, adduction from 90* of flexion
Innervation: obturator nerve (L3-4)
TFL
O: ASIS, iliac crest
I: IT band
Action: abduction, internal rotation, hip flexion and knee flexion
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve (L4-5)
Glute max
O: posterior gluteal line, posterior sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament, aponeurosis of erector spinae
I: gluteal tuberosity, IT band
Action: extend, external rotation, and abduction of hip, posterior tilt of pelvis, stabilize knee
Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)
Glute med
O: outer surface of ilium, anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: greater trochanter
Action: internal rotate, abduct, and external rotate hip, lateral tilt of pelvis
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve (L5-S1)
Glute min
O: outer surface of ilium and btw anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I: greater trochanter
Action: internal rotation, abduction of hip
Innervation: superior gluteal nerve (L5-S1)
Piriformis
O: anterolateral sacrum, gluteal surface of ilium, capsule of sacroiliac joint
I: greater trochanter
Action: when hip extended, ext rotation of hip - when hip flexed, abduction
Innervation: ventral rami of L5-S2
Gemellus superior
O: outer surface of Ischial spine
I: greater trochanter
action: external rotation, abduction when hip at 90*
Innervation: nerve to gemellus superior (L5-S1)
Gemellus inferior
O: upper part of Ischial tuberosity
I: greater trochanter
Action: external rotation, abduction when hip at 90*
Innervation: nerve to gemellus inferior (L5-S1)
Quad femoris
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Quadrate tubercle of femur
Action: externally rotate hip
Innervation: nerve to quad fem (L5-S1)
Obturator internus
O: obturator foramen
I: greater trochanter
Action: external rotation, abduction when hip at 90*
Innervation: nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)
Biceps femoris
Long O: Ischial tuberosity
Short O: linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line
I: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
Action: extend hip, posterior posterior pelvic tilt, flex knee
Innervation: sciatic (L5-S2)
Semimembranosis
O: ischial tuberosity
I: posterior medial condyle of tibia
Action: extend hip, posterior pelvic tilt, flex knee
Innervation: sciatic (L5-S2)
Semitendinosis
O: Ischial tuberosity
I: pes anserine
Action: extend hip, post. Pelvic tilt, flex knee
innervation: sciatic (L5-S2)
Iliopsoas clinical significance and relation to biomechanics of lumbar spine and hip
Increases lumbar compression and anterior shear (compresses nutrient supply, secondary lumbar extensor)
Pull countered by glute max and rectus abdominus
Push countered by erector spinae
Involved in janda lower cross syndrome
Janda Lower Cross Syndrome (what’s lengthened & weak/ strong & tight?)
Lengthened & Weak abdominals and glute max
Tight & Strong hamstrings, iliopsoas, and erector spinae
Glute Max - clinical significance and relation to biomechanics of lumbar spine and hip
Lumbosacral stability via thoracolumbar fascia
Frequently weak at end range/faulty movement pattern recruitment
- decreased glute max function associated with increased lumbar extensor function
- frequent movement pattern trumps muscle strengthening
Multiple issues at lumbar spine, hip, and knee associated with underperforming glute max
Glute med - clinical significance and relation to biomechanics of lumbar spine and hip
Abduct and medically rotate thigh
- keeps pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing
- advance opposite (unsupported) side during swing phase
Decreased glute med function paired with decreased glute max function
Excessive hip adduction/internal rotation is implicated in patellofemoral malalignment
Patellofemoral pain paired with?
Decreased hip muscle strength
Leg length discrepancy (foot, ankle, hip, knee, innominate long vs short leg)
Long
-foot: pronation
-ankle: dorsiflexion
-knee: flexion
-hip: flexion and internal rotation
-innominate: posterior rotation
Short
-foot: plantarflexion
-ankle: supination
-knee: extension
-hip: extension and external rotation
Innominate: anterior rotation
