hip fractures in the elderly

Question 1

femoral neck fractures account for what percentage?

Answer 1

63%

Question 2

i,mpacted fractures most commonly cause what kind of displacement?

Answer 2

Valgus

Question 3

Ring osteophytes can mimic what?

Answer 3

impacted fracture, considred to be sclerosis but they are not

Question 4

What MRI sequences are best for oedema and haemorrhage in fracture

which for fracture lines

Answer 4

STIR and T2 fat suppressed

but T1 for fracture lines.

Question 5

Garden classification

Answer 5

Stage I (Fig 2): Incomplete fracture with disruption and impaction of the lateral cortex without angulation or disturbance of the principle trabecular pattern.

Stage II (Fig 3): Complete fracture without displacement, but with impaction across the full width of the femoral neck.

Stage III (Fig 4): Complete fracture with partial displacement. Fracture surfaces are in apposition posteriorly and inferiorly only.

Stage IV (Fig 5): Complete fracture with full displacement.

1/2 - pin and screw
3/4 austin moore

Question 6

how does avascular necorsis of the femoral head look like

Answer 6

sclerosis of the femoral head over time.

24% following subcapital fracutre get this!

Question 7

What is the time frame to call non-union

Answer 7

4 months

Question 8

Subtrochanteric fracutres should consider what?

Answer 8

Unstable due to muscle pulls.

Consider Mets, myeloma, paget’s.

Question 9

Lesser trochanter avulsion fracutres- consider what?

Answer 9

mets

Question 10

SUbcapital fracutres can be occult in up to 40% - if clinical suspicion is high consider what?

Answer 10

Limited sequence MRI