Hip (chap 20)

Question 1

Patellofemoral impairment

Answer 1

Weak hip abductors cause higher valgus moments

- women more than men

Question 2

ACL strain

Answer 2

Valgus collapse and decreased hip extensor more common in women than men

Question 3

Valgus

Answer 3

Distal portion more lateral

Question 4

Varus

Answer 4

Distal portion more medial

Question 5

Piriformis syndrome

Answer 5

Hip extensor and abductor weakness resulting in hip adduction and internal rotation (valgus collapse) during funcitonal activities

• piriformis overuse
• possible cause of sciative nerve compression
• strengthen glute max and med

Question 6

Shortened TFL and/or glute max

Answer 6

TFL and 1/3 of glute max insert into IT band, affecting its tension.

• anterior pelvic tilt, slouched posture, flat back posture
• overuse trochanteric bursitis and friction syndrome in knee

Question 7

Dominance of TFL over glute med

Answer 7

Weak glute med = increased tension on IT band and valgus collapse of knee during weight bearing w/ hip and knee flex and increased dynamic Q angle.

• lateral knee pain (IT band syndrome)
• patellofemoral pain syndrome

Question 8

Dominance of two-joint hip flexor mm over the iliopsoas

Answer 8

Dominance of TFL, rectus femoris, and/or sartorius mm may contribute to faulty hip mechanics or knee pain fro overuse of mm as they cross the knee

Question 9

Dominance of hamstring mm over glute max

Answer 9

Faulty posture and decreased functional activation of the glute max may decrease the flexibility of this mm and limit ROM

• excessive lumbar flexion may result when full ROM of hip flexion attempted
• increased IT band tension
• overuse of hammies results in cramping during high intensity, decreased flexibility, and mm imbalances with quads

Question 10

Use of lateral trunk mm for hip abductors

Answer 10

Relying on lateral trunk mm to perform the task of controlling the pelvis normally accomplished by the hip abductors results in excessive trunk motion and increased stress on the lumbar spine

Question 11

Anteverion

Answer 11

Increase in torsion of femoral neck that causes the shaft of the femur to be rotated medially

• results in genu valgum and pes planus
• unilateral results in shorter leg

Question 12

Retroversion

Answer 12

Decrease in the torsion that causes the shaft of the femur to be rotated laterally