Body Composition

Question 1

FFM

Answer 1

Fat free mass - truly fat free - mm, bone, water, organs, other

Question 2

Lean mass

Answer 2

Mm, bone, water, organs, everything, including essential fats stored in tissues

Question 3

Optimal levels of fat mass

Answer 3

• men: 12-18% - women: 18-23%

Question 4

Skinfold test

Answer 4

Estimates body composition - assumes 50% of fat lies under the skin (more areas tested, more accurate) - measurements taken on dominant side with pt standing - used to show changes over time and for body dysmorphia

Question 5

Skinfold testing spots

Answer 5

• men: chest, triceps, subscapular - women: triceps, suprailium, abdominal, (recommended thigh)

Question 6

Bioelectrical impedence

Answer 6

Electric flow is facilitated through hydrated fat-free tissue and extracellular water compared to fat tissue due to the greater electrolyte contract of the fat-free component - resistance to electrical current is inversely related to the compopsition of water within body (fat = increased resistance) - easily influenced by water and temp

Question 7

Waist to hip circumference ratio

Answer 7

• waist measured at umbilicus - hips measured at largest part - waist / hips circumference - interpretation: indicates central obesity 1. Ratio > 1.0 or waist >40 inches in males 2. Ratio > 0.85 or waist > 36 inches females **biggest CVD risk

Question 8

BMI

Answer 8

Body max index - compares relative weight for height - (kg/m^2) or (lb/in^2 x 703)

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Losing weight

Answer 10

To lost 1 lb of weight, you must have a net caloric deficit of 3500 kcal (Caloric source is insignificant, unless body requirement and end goal)

Question 11

1. 1 gram of carbs = 2. 1 gram of fat = 3. 1 gram of protein=

Answer 11

1. 4 kcal (carbs) 2. 9.1 kcal (fat) 3. 4 kcal (protein)