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ms 1 - 2nd shift > hip anatomy > Flashcards

hip anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

also known as os coxa. composed of ilium, ischium, pubis

A

hip bone

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2
Q

largest of the three bones. forms 2/5 of the acetabulum

A

ilium

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3
Q

forms posterior 2/5 of the acetabulum

A

ischium

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4
Q

smallest of the three bones. anterior 1/5 of the acetabulum

A

pubis

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5
Q

ilium

A

psis
piis
iliac crest
asis
aiis
acetabulum

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6
Q

ischium

A

ischial spine
ischial tuberosity
ischial ramus
acetabulum

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7
Q

pubis

A

superior pubic ramus
pubic tubercle
inferior pubic ramus
acetabulum

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8
Q

formed by fusion of ilium, ischium, and pubis

A

acetebulum

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9
Q

orientation of acetabulum

A

laterally, inferiorly, and anteriorly

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10
Q

acetabulum is reinforced superiorly and posteriorly by

A

cortical bone

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11
Q

periphery is thickened by fibrocartilage

A

acetabulum rim or labrum

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12
Q

strongest and longest bone in the body

A

femur

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13
Q

proximal end of femur consists of

A

head, neck, greater and lesser tubercle

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14
Q

orientation of head of femur

A

angled anteriorly, superiorly, medially

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15
Q

2/3 of femoral head is covered with articular cartilage except

A

fovea capitis

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16
Q

designed to withstand high loads

primary and secondary compressive pattern, primary and secondary tensile pattern

A

trabecular bone

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17
Q

point of weakness in the trabecular pattern; common site of osteoporotic fractures

A

ward’s triangle

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18
Q

largest and most important hip extensor and external rotator

A

Gluteus maximus

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19
Q

envelops the muscles of the thigh

A

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)

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19
Q

Injection upper outer quadrant, might paralyze patient if in any other spot, as it might hit the sciatic nerve

lurching gait

A

Gluteus maximus

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20
Q

Counteracts the backward pull of the gluteus maximus on the ITB

Extends knee

A

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)

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21
Q

critical for balancing the pelvis during single leg stance

A

Gluteus medius

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22
Q

AKA deltoid of the hip

A

Gluteus medius

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23
Q

During single leg stance

A

3x bodyweight transmitted to the hip (2/3 generated by hip abductor mechanism)

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24
Q

2 functional parts of Gluteus Medius

A

Anterior - flex, abduct, IR

Posterior - extend and ER

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24
Q

stand on one leg, and other hip dips down

A

Trendelenburg’s Test

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25
Q

major internal rotator of the femur

A

Gluteus minimus

26
Q

Abducts thigh

Pelvic support during single leg stance

A

Gluteus minimus

27
Q

external rotator at <60 degrees of hip flexion

A

Piriformis

28
Q

Piriformis during 90 deg hip flexion

A

internal rotator and abductor

29
Q

Piriformis is closely associated with this nerve

A

Sciatic nerve

30
Q

common source of buttocks and leg pain

A

Sciatic nerve

31
Q

Other short external rotators

A

Obturator internus
Gemelli (Superior and Inferior)
Quadratus femoris

32
Q

Most powerful hip flexor, weak adductor and external rotator

Also a trunk flexor

33
Q

Iliopsoas

A

iliacus and psoas major muscle

34
Q

longest muscle in the body (sailor’s)

34
Q

adductor, flexor and IR of the hip

35
Q

hip flexor, abductor and ER

some degree of knee flexion

36
Q

most commonly strained hamstring muscle

A

Biceps Femoris

37
Q

Division of Biceps Femoris

A

long head and short head

38
Q

only this head of the biceps femoris acts on the head

39
Q

Other hamstring muscles

A

Semimembranosus

Semitendinosus (part of Pes anserine)

40
Q

extend the hip together with posterior adductor magnus and gluteus maximus

A

All hamstring muscles (except for short head of BF)

41
Q

Hip Adductors

A

Adductor magnus

Adductor Longus

Gracilis

Adductor brevis

42
Q

most powerful

active in all motions except abduction

A

Adductor magnus

43
Q

considered functionally as a hamstring due to its anatomic alignment

A

Posterior portion of Adductor Magnus

44
Q

most prominent adductor during resisted adduction

A

Adductor longus

45
Q

most commonly strained adductor muscle

Rider’s muscle

A

Adductor longus

46
Q

longest of the hip adductors

most superficial and medial

46
Q

A sac filled structure that prevents friction of a soft tissue to the bone

47
Q

largest and most constant bursa around the hip

A

Iliopsoas bursa

48
Q

Characteristics of Iliopsoas bursa

A

situated deep to the iliopsoas tendon

serves to cushion the tendon from structures on the anterior aspect of the hip joint capsule

49
Q

3 bursae ( 2 major, 1 minor bursa)

A

Trochanteric bursa

50
Q

at the superoposterior tip of GT, prevents friction between gluteus medius and GT and also between gluteus medius and minimus

A

Subgluteus medius bursa

51
Q

between GT and gluteus maximus and TFL muscles

A

Subgluteus maximus bursa

52
Q

between ischium and gluteus maximus muscle

A

Ischiogluteal bursa

53
Q

AKA weaver’s bottom

A

Ischial bursitis

54
Q

Anterior Compartment of Thigh

A

Sartorius

Iliacus

Psoas

Pectineus

Quadriceps femoris
- Rectus femoris
-Vastus lateralis, medialis,
intermedius

55
Q

Medial compartment of thigh

A

Gracilis

adductor longus

adductor brevis

adductor magnus

obturator externus

55
Q

Posterior components of thigh

A

Hamstrings:
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

adductor magnus (hamstring portion)

56
Q

Neck-shaft angle

A

125 degrees

Angle of inclination

57
Q

Femoral anteversion

A

15 degrees

58
Q

Blood supply to the femoral head

A

Lateral circumflex (anterior), medial circumflex (posterior), and obturator artery

59
Q

most important blood supply to femoral head

A

medial circumflex (posterior)

60
Q

arise from the medial circumflex artery (main, main supply of head)

A

Retinacular arteries

61
Q

from the obturator artery or medial femoral circumflex artery

A

Artery of the ligamentum teres

ms 1 - 2nd shift (13 decks)

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