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Movement Sci Final! > Hip > Flashcards

Hip Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 bones of the pelvis?

A

Ilium, Ischium, Pubis

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2
Q

What is the position of the acetabulum?

A

50 degrees inferior and 20 degrees anterior

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3
Q

What is acetabular dysplasia

A

Shallow acetabulum

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4
Q

Retroversion- acetabulum is more posterior leading to _____ coverage

A

over-coverage (opposite of instability)

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5
Q

Anteversion- acetabulum is Positioned more anteriorly leading to _________

A

Instability

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6
Q

What is coxa profunda

A

overcoverage of the acetabulum leading to impingement

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7
Q

The center edge angle of the hip is between the _______ and center of femoral head

A

lateral rim of acetabulum

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8
Q

The angle of acetabular inclination is measured from parallel to the teardrops and the _______

typically :

A

lateral acetabulum

32-45

Note: if it’s too large it’s indicative of dysplasia

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9
Q

Functions of acetabular labrum

A

deepen socket

maintain negative pressure

contains nerve endings

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10
Q

T or false: The femoral fovea is covered w/ hyaline cartilage

A

false

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11
Q

The femoral head faces….

A

Faces medially, superiorly, anteriorly

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12
Q

Cova valga is associated with structual genu______

Coxa Vara is associated with structural genu _____

A

Varum

Valum

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13
Q

Coxa vara _______ the frontal plane measurement

A

decreases the angle of

Larger MA for abductors

increased bending/shear

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14
Q

Cova valga ________ the frontal angle

A

increases

decreases MA for abductors

instability and femoroacetabular impingement

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15
Q

Kids with CP tend to have coxa _______

A

valga AND present with genu Valgum

Whereas normally you see Coxa Valga paired w/ genu varum

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16
Q

The normal femoral angle of torsion is…

anteversion is……

Retroversion is…..

A

10-20 (how much the femur is angled anteriorly)

Anteversion over 15-20 (angled even more anteriorly)

Retroversion Under 10-15 (angled less anteriorly)

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17
Q

Anteversion is associated wth ______ hip rotation

retroversion is associated with ______ hip rotation

A

Anteversion- medial hip rotation

Retroversion- lateral hip rotation

note: these are both measures of the angle of torsion in the transverse plane

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18
Q

Most joint congruence at the hip occurs in…

A

Flexion, abduction, and slight lateral rotation (frog position)

FABER

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19
Q

In standing the femoral head is exposed on what sides

A

anteriorly and superiorly

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20
Q

The femoral neck is intracapsular and the greater and lesser trochanter are ________

A

extracapsular

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21
Q

The hip joint capsule is thickest _____ and thinnest _______

A

anteriorly

Posteriorly

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22
Q

What bursa reduces friction of the glute max, ITB, and greater trochanter

A

lateral bursa

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23
Q

Ligamentum teres is _____articular and _____synovial

A

intra-articular

extra-synovial

note: attaches acetabular notch to fovea of femur

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24
Q

What motion does ligamentum teres restrain?

A

Medial and lateral hip rotation when in over 90 degrees of hip flexion

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25
Q

What hip ligament resists excessive lateral rotation, especially w/ hip in neutral or flexion

A

Iliofemoral ligament ( Y ligament)

note: primary stabilizing component of anterior hip)
AIIS to intertrochanteric line

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26
Q

What does the pubofemoral ligament do?

A

resists lateral rotation when hip is in extension

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27
Q

What ligament is the primary restraint to hip medial rotation?

A

ischiofemoral ligament

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28
Q

What is the close packed position of the hip?

A

Extension, slight abduction, medial rotation

loose packed: mid range flexion, slight abduction+ medial rotation (close packed and loose packed are not complete opposites)

both closed and loose packed include medial rotation and slight abduction

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29
Q

the joint capsule and ligaments support ______ of bodyweight without muscular assistance

A

2/3

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30
Q

line of gravity falls ______ to hip creating a ________ moment

A

posterior

extension

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31
Q

The hip is most vunerable to dislocation in _____ and ___________ resulting in ______ dislocation

A

flexion

adduction

posterior

Note: dashboard injury from car crash

32
Q

Femoral head transfers forces to the shaft, creating a bending moment with superior _______ forces, and inferior ___________ forces

A

Tensile

Compressive

33
Q

The medial trabecular system is for …..

the lateral trabecular system is for…..

A

medial- resists compressive forces coming up through femoral head

lateral- resists shear force of bodyweight on femoral head

34
Q

peak contact pressures of femoral head are located….

A

superior aspect of acetabular dome

-higher peak stress in women due to smaller

-dome shows greatest degeneration

35
Q

The femoral head spins ________ with flexion

the femoral head spins ___________ with extension

A

posterior

anterior

Note: for flexion/ext there is only a spin and not a roll

36
Q

for hip abduction the femoral head rolls ________ and glides ______

A

roll superior glide inferior

37
Q

for hip medial rotation the femoral head rolls ________ and glides __________

A

anterior

posterior

38
Q

for hip lateral rotation the femoral head rolls ________ and glides _____________

A

posterior

anterior

39
Q

Normal gait on level ground requires how much movement?

flexion-

ext-

ab/ad

med/lat rot

A

30 flex

10 ext

5 abd/add

5 lat/med rot

40
Q

When you have anterior pelvic tilt you have hip ________

A

flexion

41
Q

When you have posterior pelvic tilt you have hip ________

A

extension

42
Q

If the hip opposite of the stance leg drops, the stance leg hip goes into _______

A

Adduction

43
Q
A
44
Q

If the hip opposite of the stance leg hikes(rises), the stance leg hip goes into _______

A

abduction

45
Q

with lateral pelvic shift in bilateral stance, you have _____ on the shift side and ______ on opposite side

A

Adduction

Abduction

46
Q

When the non-weight bearing pelvis moves anteriorly, this produces _____ rotation on the weight bearing hip

A

medial rotation

47
Q

Non-weight bearing pelvis moves posteriorly
* Produces _______ rotation of weight bearing hip

A

Lateral rotation

48
Q

close chain fwd bending begins with _____, then ______, lastly ______

A
  1. spinal flx
  2. anterior pelvic tilt
  3. hip flexion
49
Q

with a sidelying leg lift, you first see ______, then ______, then ________

A

hip abd, lateral pelvic tilt, lumbar side bend

50
Q

the piriformis _____ rotates in extension and ______ rotates in flexion

A

laterally

medially

51
Q

the illiopsoas does _____ pelvic tilt

A

anterior

52
Q

what muscle is the largest contributor to hip flexion when the knee is flexed

A

rectus femoris

53
Q

The pectineus and gracilis are both hip _______

A

adductors

note: gracilis can help flex hip if knees extended

54
Q

hip ______ (muscle group) stabilize pelvis in reverse action to counteract adduction moment

A

abductors

55
Q

True or false: obturator externus and quadratus femoris are effective lateral rotators regardless of hip flexion

A

true

56
Q

True or false: there are no primary medial rotators of the hip

A

True

57
Q

anterior glute med

anterior glute min

TFL

and Adductors

all contribute to……

A

Medial rotaton

58
Q

stance hip must support compression from ______ and compression from ______ muscles that counteract the adductor moment

A

Head/Arm/Trunk(HAT)

abductor

note: generally 2-3x of bodyweight in unilateral stance

59
Q

lateral lean of trunk towards stance leg _______ MA of head,arms,trunk

A

decreases

note: use of cane ipsilaterally transfers some bodyweight to cane

60
Q

how do you help hip drop with an AD?

A

cane on same side as hip drop

61
Q

Cam impingement

A

Pistol grip deformation that pushes on anterior/superior labrum

62
Q

pincer impingement

A

overcoverage of acetabulum compressing superior labrum

63
Q

Femoral-acetabular impingement presentation

A

groin pain, hip pain, low back pain

pain may be dull/aching

dull pain with turning/squating/twisting

hip joint stiffness

64
Q

T or F: labral tears often occur with Femoral-acetabular impingement

A

T

65
Q

Increased stresses with what two movements lead to hip labral tear?

A

ABD/ER

66
Q

Decreased central edge angle, acetabular retroversion, or coxa vara are associated with…

A

hip labral tear

67
Q

Hip fractures due to bending forces of femoral neck is associated with those over the age of…

A

40

68
Q

Coxa valga is associated with genu __________

A

varum

69
Q

Coxa vara is associted with genu ______

A

valgum

70
Q

hip anteversion is associated with the toes pointing ________

A

medially

71
Q

hip retroversion is associated with toes pointing __________

A

laterally

72
Q

(coxa vara or coxa valga) Which one decreases shear to the femoral neck and decreases the MA of the hip abductors

A

Coxa valga

Coxa Vara increases shear and also increases the MA of the abductors

73
Q

Which one between hip anteversion and retroversion reduces stability at the head of the femur?

A

anteversion

note: anteversion also causes increased joint pressures

74
Q

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis happens in what direction?

A

posterior and inferior slippage of proximal femoral epiphysis on the metaphysis

75
Q

Sway back posture is associated with ____ pelvic tilt

A

posterior

76
Q
A

Movement Sci Final! (7 decks)

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